Aleke gbegbee gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime le?

I. Ŋgɔdonya

 

Ga si wotsɔ wɔa xɔtunuwoe va zu egbegbe xɔtuɖoɖowo ƒe akpa vevi aɖe, eye wòtrɔ asi le alesi míetrɔa asi le kɔkrit xɔtunuwo ŋui ŋu. Esi wònye akpa vevi aɖe le xɔtutu me ta la, gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le xɔtutudɔ bliboa ƒe ŋusẽ, eƒe anyinɔnɔ, kple eƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me.

 

Ga si wotsɔa gakpo wɔe, si wogayɔna be gakpo ƒe nutrenu, nyea aŋenu siwo wowɔ do ŋgɔ siwo wotsɔ gakpo ƒe agbalẽviwo kple akpa aɖewo wɔ. Wozãa aŋenu siawo tsɔ dea kɔkrit si wokɔ yeyee me vaseɖe esime wòaɖo eye ŋusẽ nasu esi wòate ŋu alé eɖokui ɖe te. Gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime nye nu vevi aɖe si mekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe menye kɔkrit si wowɔ vɔ ƒe nyonyome dzi ko o, ke ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtudɔa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kple gazazã bliboa hã dzi.

 

Le xɔtutu me la, gakpo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu va xɔ ŋkɔ le viɖe gbogbo siwo le eŋu wu xɔtunu xoxowo ta. Eƒe ŋusẽ kple kpekpeme ƒe sɔsɔme gã, alesi wògate ŋu zãnɛ ake, kple ŋutete si le esi be wòawɔ kɔkrit siwo le gbadzaa la na wònye tiatia si hea ame na xɔtudɔ vovovowo, tso xɔtuɖaŋuwo dzi va ɖo xɔtuɖaŋu gãwo tutu dzi.

 

Ga si wotsɔ wɔa xɔtunuwo ƒe titrime le xɔtutu me toa vovo le nu geɖe nu, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye xɔtunu si ƒomevi wole wɔwɔm, agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe nudidiwo, kple dɔa ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo. Nusiwo ƒe titrime nyuitɔ kekeake na dɔwɔwɔ vovovowo gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ be woakpɔ egbɔ be xɔtuɖoɖoa le blibo, be woawɔ dɔ nyuie wu, eye woalé gazazã nyuie me ɖe asi le xɔtudɔa katã me.

 

Esi míele nyati sia me dzrom vevie la, míadzro nu vovovo siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime dzi, adzro titrime ƒe didime siwo woɖo ɖi na dɔwɔwɔ vovovowo me, eye míadzro nusiwo xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe titrime gblẽna le xɔtuɖaŋuwo kple emetsonuwo ŋu me. Kukuɖenuŋu sia si me kɔ nyuie ana gɔmesese veviwo nasu xɔtudɔwɔlawo, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo, kple amesiame si le xɔtudɔa me si le didim be yeazã gakpo ƒe xɔtunuwo nyuie wu.

 

II. Nusiwo Kpɔa Ŋusẽ Ðe Ga ƒe Formwork ƒe Titrime Dzi

 

Gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime menye nusi sɔ na amewo katã ƒe lolome ɖeka o. Nu vevi geɖewo va nɔa vevie ne wole xɔtudɔ aɖe ƒe titrime si sɔ dim. Nu siawo gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ be woawɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe siwo ada asɔ le xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe nudidiwo, gazazã nyuie, kple nusiwo ŋu woabu ŋutɔŋutɔ.

 

A. Xɔtudɔ ƒomeviwo:

   Xɔtudɔ vovovowo ƒe nudidi vovovowo le xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe titrime ŋu. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, xɔ kɔkɔwo ate ŋu abia be woawɔ xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu be woate ŋu anɔ te ɖe kɔkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si le dzidzim ɖe edzi nu le xɔ siwo le anyigba dzi, evɔ aƒewo ƒe xɔ suewo ya ate ŋu azã xɔtunu siwo le tsɛ wu.

 

B. Agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe nudidiwo:

   Kɔkrit yeye ƒe kpekpeme kple eƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu kpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe xɔtunua dzi. Ele be gakpoa ƒe titrime nasɔ gbɔ be wòate ŋu anɔ te ɖe agba siawo nu evɔ womatrɔ o. Zi geɖe la, kɔnkrit tsakatsaka siwo kpekpe wu alo kɔklɔ ƒe kɔkɔme hiãna be woawɔ xɔtunu si le kpekpem wu.

 

C. Mɔkpɔkpɔ siwo li be woate ŋu azãe ake:

   Wodea asixɔxɔ gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ŋu le ŋutete si le esi be woagazãe zi geɖe ta. Alesi xɔtunua ƒe titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe eƒe anyinɔnɔ dzi eye le esia ta, zi nenie woate ŋu azãe ake. Zi geɖe la, xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu nana woate ŋu azã wo ake geɖe wu, si ate ŋu axɔ ga geɖe wu na dɔ gãwo alo esiwo axɔ ɣeyiɣi didi.

 

D. Gazazã ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo:

   Togbɔ be gakpo siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana wòanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi nyuie wu eye wòate ŋu atsɔ agba hã la, exɔa ga geɖe wu le gɔmedzedzea me hã. Dadasɔ le gadede asi do ŋgɔ kple viɖe siwo woakpɔ tso eme ɣeyiɣi didi me le vevie ŋutɔ na dɔa ƒe ganyawo.

 

E. Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe akpa tɔxɛwo:

   Xɔ ƒe akpa vovovowo hiã na xɔtunu ƒe titrime vovovowo:

   1. Sɔti ƒe nɔnɔme: Zi geɖe la, eƒe titrime tso 3-5mm, le sɔti ƒe lolome kple kɔnkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu nu.

   2. Gli ƒe nɔnɔme: Ate ŋu ato vovo tso 2-4mm, kple xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu siwo wozãna na gli kɔkɔwo alo dɔ tɔxɛwo wɔwɔ.

   3. Slab formwork: Zi geɖe la, wozãa gakpo siwo le tsɛ vie, siwo ƒe didime anɔ abe 2-3mm ene, siwo wotsɔa nusiwo sesẽ wu ƒe xɔtunu léna ɖe te.

 

Nu siawo wɔa dɔ ɖekae tsɔ nyaa gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime nyuitɔ kekeake na dɔ aɖe si wona. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, tɔdzisasrã tutudɔ ate ŋu abia be woawɔ xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu na eƒe tɔdzisasrã gãwo, evɔ ɔfisxɔ si wozãna ɖaa ya ate ŋu azã xɔtunu siwo le tsɛ wu na eƒe anyigbaxɔdzo siwo wogbugbɔna gbugbɔna.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro titrime ƒe didime siwo wozãna zi geɖe le dɔwɔƒea hena dɔ vovovowo wɔwɔ me, si ana mɔfiame si me kɔ wu le gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime si sɔ tiatia ŋu.

 

III. Standard Titrime Range na Ga Formwork

 

Gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime si woɖo ɖi gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ na tiatia nyuie kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ le xɔtutu me. Togbɔ be nudidi tɔxɛwo ate ŋu ato vovo le dɔa ƒe nuhiahiãwo kple nutoa me ƒe sewo nu hã la, mɔfiame gbadza aɖewo li siwo dzi dɔwɔƒea zɔna ɖo.

 

A. Titrime si bɔ na dɔwɔwɔ vovovowo:

 

1. Sɔti ƒe nɔnɔmetata (3-5mm):

   Le sɔti ƒe nɔnɔme gome la, zi geɖe la, eƒe titrime nɔa 3mm va ɖo 5mm. Agbɔsɔsɔ sia naa ŋusẽ si sɔ be wòate ŋu anɔ te ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu si kɔkrit hena vɛ nu esime wògakpɔtɔ nyea nusi dzi woate ŋu aɖu hena eƒoƒo kple eɖeɖe. Titrime tututu le dometsotso sia me nɔ te ɖe nusiwo nye:

   - Sɔti ƒe kɔkɔme kple eƒe didime

   - Konkrit tsakatsaka ƒe nɔnɔme kple ekɔklɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme

   - Wobia tso anyigba ƒe nuwuwu ƒe nyonyome

 

2. Gli ƒe nɔnɔmetata:

   Gli ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime ɖiɖina zi geɖe le 2mm kple 4mm dome. Vovototoa nɔ te ɖe:

   - Gli ƒe kɔkɔme kple didime

   - Konkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu le dzidzenu vovovowo me

   - Sesẽ si hiã be woaxe mɔ ɖe ʋuʋudedi nu

 

3. Slab ƒe nɔnɔmetata:

   Zi geɖe la, wozãa gakpo siwo le tsɛ vie, siwo ƒe didime tso 2mm va ɖo 3mm zi geɖe. Esia le alea elabena zi geɖe la, wotsɔa nusiwo sesẽ wu ƒe xɔtunu léa slab formwork la ɖe te, si maa agbaa sɔsɔe wu. Nusiwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe slab formwork ƒe titrime dzi dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

   - Span le kpeɖeŋutɔwo dome

   - Kɔnkrit ƒe titrime kple kpekpeme

   - Deflection ƒe nudidiwo

 

B. Vovototo siwo wotu ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe wɔwɔme dzi:

   Gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime hã ate ŋu ato vovo le eƒe wɔwɔme ƒe nɔnɔmewo nu:

 

1. Ribbed panels:

   Wotsɔa akɔta alo nusiwo naa nu sesẽna dea gakpo aɖewo me, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu azã mo ƒe agbalẽvi siwo le tsɛ wu esime ŋusẽ bliboa gakpɔtɔ le wo ŋu. Le nɔnɔme mawo me la, mo ƒe agbalẽvi ate ŋu anɔ tsɛ abe milimeta 2 ene, eye akɔta nate ŋu akpe ɖe eŋu bubu.

 

2. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe ɖoɖowo:

   Zi geɖe la, gakpo siwo wotsɔa gakpo wɔe siwo ƒe lolome sɔ kple wo nɔewo zãa woƒe titrime siwo woɖo ɖe ɖoɖo nu le akpa vovovowo me be woakpɔ egbɔ be wosɔ ɖe wo nɔewo nu eye wo zazã nanɔ bɔbɔe. Nuɖoanyi siawo ƒe titrime ate ŋu anye 4mm na ʋuƒoawo katã, eɖanye aleke kee wozã woe koŋ o.

 

3. Kplɔ̃ɖoɖo tɔxɛ:

Le xɔtuɖaŋu tɔxɛwo alo xɔtuɖaŋu sesẽwo gome la, gakpo siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu ate ŋu atra ɖa tso titrime siwo wozãna ɖaa gbɔ be wòawɔ ɖe nudidi tɔxɛwo dzi.

 

Ele vevie be míade dzesii be togbɔ be dometsotso siawo naa mɔfiame gbadzaa hã la, ele be woatu gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ƒe tiatia mamlɛtɔ ɖe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe akɔntabubuwo, dɔa ƒe nɔnɔmewo, kple nutoa me xɔtuɖoɖowo dzi ɣesiaɣi. Menye ɖeko xɔa ƒe titrime tiatia nyuie nana be xɔtunua ƒe wɔwɔme le blibo ko o, ke ekpena ɖe xɔtutudɔa ƒe nyonyome bliboa kple eƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie hã ŋu.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míaku nu me tsitotsito le alesi gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime toa vovo na xɔtunu tɔxɛ aɖewo le xɔtudɔ ƒomevi vovovowo me.

 

IV. Ga Formwork Titrime na Xɔtunu Tɔxɛwo

 

Menye ɖeko gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime nɔa te ɖe alesi wozãnɛ le afisiafi ta ko o, ke le xɔtunu tɔxɛwo kple xɔtudɔ ƒomeviwo hã nu. Mina míadzro alesi wokpɔa gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime na xɔtuɖaŋu vovovowo le xɔtuɖaŋu vovovowo me.

 

A. Tɔdzisasrãwo tutu:

   Zi geɖe la, tɔdzisasrã tutu bia be woawɔ xɔtunu sesẽ si ŋu wotrɔ asi le pɛpɛpɛ le esi wòlolo ŋutɔ eye eƒe nɔnɔme sesẽwo ta.

 

1. Pier gakpo ƒe nɔnɔme:

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 5-8mm

   - Tameɖoɖo kplikpaa: Wotsɔa nyaƒoɖeamenu gãwo dea tɔdzisasrãwo dzi tso xɔa tame ƒe kpekpeme kple agba siwo le ŋusẽ kpɔm gbɔ. Formwork si le kpekpem wu nana wòli ke eye wòxea mɔ na nusiwo trɔna le kɔnkrit kɔklɔ me.

   - Nusiwo ŋu woabu: Tɔdziʋudzeƒea ƒe kɔkɔme, eƒe didime, kple kɔkrit ƒe kɔklɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme katã kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe eƒe titrime si hiã dzi.

 

2. Sɔti ƒe nɔnɔmetata si wowɔ na tɔdzisasrãwo:

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 4-6mm

   - Tameɖoɖo kplikpaa: Togbɔ be tɔdzisasrãwo sɔ kple xɔtusɔtiwo hã la, zi geɖe la, ebiana be woawɔ xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu le woƒe lolome kple kɔkrit si ƒe ŋusẽ lolo wu si wozãna zi geɖe le tɔdzisasrãwo tutu me ta.

   - Nu tɔxɛwo: Ate ŋu ade stiffeners alo tie systems bubuwo eme be woatsɔ akpɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu siwo dzi ɖe edzi gbɔ.

 

B. Xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu:

   Xɔ kɔkɔwo nyea kuxi tɔxɛwo le woƒe lolome si le tsitrenu kple alesi wòhiã be woawɔ xɔtuɖaŋu siwo gbugbɔna wɔa dɔ nyuie ta.

 

1. Gli veviwo ƒe nɔnɔmetata:

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 4-5mm

   - Tameɖoɖo kplikpaa: Gli vevi siwo le xɔ kɔkɔwo me nye xɔtunu vevi siwo hiã be woawɔ wo pɛpɛpɛ. Eƒe titrime nana wòli ke ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ siwo kɔkrit hena vɛ le teƒe siwo bɔbɔ wu la nu.

   - Dɔwɔɖoɖo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ: Zi geɖe la, wozãa tolili ƒe xɔtuɖoɖo si ƒe ʋuƒo siwo le kpekpem wu be woate ŋu azãe zi geɖe ne xɔa le dzi yim.

 

2. Anyigbadzikpe ƒe nɔnɔmetata:

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 2-3mm

   - Tameɖoɖo kplikpaa: Togbɔ be eƒe kpekpeme le tsɛ wu gli alo sɔti ƒe xɔtunu hã la, ele be anyigbaxɔdzo ƒe xɔtunu si le xɔ kɔkɔwo me nate ŋu anɔ te ɖe kɔnkrit xɔdzo kple xɔtutu ƒe agbawo ƒe kpekpeme nu kokoko.

   - Kpekpeɖeŋunaɖoɖo: Zi geɖe la, wozãnɛ kpe ɖe megbe kpeɖeŋutɔ sesẽwo kple shoring ɖoɖowo ŋu be woama agbawo nyuie.

 

C. Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe xɔtutu:

   Zi geɖe la, dɔwɔƒewo ƒe dɔwo lɔ xɔtuɖaŋu tɔxɛ siwo bia be woawɔ xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu tɔxɛwo ɖe eme.

 

1. Tank kple silo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe wɔwɔme:

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 4-6mm

   - Tameɖoɖo kplikpaa: Xɔ siwo le gota abe tsidzɔƒe kple silo ene hiã na xɔtunu si ate ŋu alé ʋuʋudedi deblibo me ɖe asi le nyaƒoɖeamenu me. Ga si le kpekpem wu kpena ɖe ame ŋu be wòagatrɔ o.

   - Aɖaŋu ƒe nɔnɔmewo: Zi geɖe la, eƒe akpa aɖewoe nye clamps kple supports siwo wowɔ etɔxɛe be woalé nɔnɔme si le gota la me ɖe asi.

 

2. Gɔmeɖoanyi ƒe nɔnɔmetata:

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 3-5mm

   - Tameɖoɖo kplikpaa: Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe gɔmeɖoanyiwo ate ŋu alolo eye woabia be woawɔ xɔtunu siwo ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ siwo tso kɔnkrit si wokɔ ɖe anyigba goglo me nu.

   - Nusiwo ŋu woabu: Anyigba ƒe nɔnɔme kple anyigba te tsi ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu ate ŋu ahiã be woatrɔ asi le formwork ƒe titrime ŋu.

 

Ga si wotsɔ wɔa xɔtunu tɔxɛ siawo ƒe titrime le vevie ŋutɔ be woakpɔ egbɔ be xɔtunuwo le blibo, be woaɖo xɔa ƒe nyonyome si wodi gbɔ, eye woalé xɔtutua ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie me ɖe asi. Ele be mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo kple kontraktɔawo nabu dɔa ƒe akpa ɖesiaɖe ƒe nudidi tɔxɛwo ŋu nyuie ne wole gakpo si sɔ ƒe titrime tiam.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míatsɔ gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime asɔ kple xɔtunu bubuwo be míase eƒe viɖewo kple seɖoƒewo gɔme bliboe le xɔtuɖaŋu vovovowo me.

 

V. Tsɔtsɔ Sɔ Kple Nu Bubu Siwo Wotsɔna Wɔa Nui

 

Be míakpɔ vevienyenye si le gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ŋu adze sii bliboe la, asixɔxɔ le eŋu be nàtsɔe asɔ kple xɔtunu bubu siwo bɔ siwo wozãna le xɔtudɔwɔƒewo. Nu ɖesiaɖe ƒe nɔnɔme tɔxɛwo, viɖewo, kple seɖoƒewo le esi, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe alesi wòsɔ na dɔ vovovowo kple dɔwɔwɔ vovovowo dzi.

 

A. Aluminium-mɔ̃ si wotsɔ wɔa xɔmenuwoe:

   Aluminium-mɔ̃wo va xɔ ŋkɔ le ƒe ʋɛ siwo va yi me, vevietɔ le xɔ siwo me amewo nɔna kple esiwo me wodzraa nu le siwo ƒe ɖoɖo wogbugbɔna la gome.

 

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 2-4mm

   - Ne wotsɔe sɔ kple gakpo:

     1. Kpekpeme: Aluminium-mɔ̃a le bɔbɔe ŋutɔ wu gakpo, si wɔnɛ be eŋudɔwɔwɔ kple etsɔtsɔ yi teƒeteƒewo nɔa bɔbɔe.

     2. Ŋusẽ: Togbɔ be esẽ hã la, zi geɖe la, aluminum hiãa xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem vie wu gakpo hafi wòate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ si sɔ kplii.

     3. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tsɔtsɔme: Aluminium kplɔa dzoxɔxɔ bɔbɔe wu, si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe dɔyɔyɔ dzi le dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme me.

     4. Gazazã: Le gɔmedzedzea me la, exɔ asi wu gakpo gake ate ŋu axɔ ga geɖe wu na dɔ siwo wogbugbɔ wɔna zi geɖe le eƒe kpekpeme si le bɔbɔe wu kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ bɔbɔe ta.

 

B. Atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo:

   Atiwo ƒe xɔtunu si wozãna tsã la gakpɔtɔ xɔ ŋkɔ le alesi woate ŋu azãe le mɔ vovovowo nu eye wòle bɔbɔe be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le wo ŋu le teƒea ta.

 

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 18-25mm na plywood agbalẽwo

   - Ne wotsɔe sɔ kple gakpo:

     1. Alesi woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu: Woate ŋu atso atiwo bɔbɔe wu ahatrɔ asi le wo ŋu le teƒea, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu geɖe wu.

     2. Gbugbɔgazã: Ebɔbɔ ŋutɔ wu gakpo, zi geɖe la, wozãnɛ zi 5-10 ne wotsɔe sɔ kple gakpo 50-100.

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     4. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe nutome ŋu: Togbɔ be woate ŋu awɔ ati yeyewo hã la, ewɔa akpa aɖe le avewo tsɔtsrɔ̃ ŋu.

 

C. Plastik-mɔ̃ si wotsɔ wɔa xɔmenuwoe:

   Plastik-mɔ̃, si me fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) hã le, le amewo hem le eƒe kpekpeme si le bɔbɔe kple ŋutete si le esi be wòawɔ nɔnɔme sesẽwo ta.

 

   - Titrime ƒe didime: 3-6mm na FRP panels

   - Ne wotsɔe sɔ kple gakpo:

     1. Kpekpeme: Ebɔbɔ wu gakpo sã, si wɔnɛ be eŋudɔwɔwɔ kple etsɔtsɔ yi teƒe bubuwo nɔa bɔbɔe.

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     3. Nɔnɔme ƒe sesẽ: Plastik-mɔ̃a bi ɖe nɔnɔme kple nɔnɔme siwo gɔme sese sesẽ wɔwɔ me, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le aɖaŋuwɔwɔ ŋu.

     4. Atikewo ƒe tsitretsitsi: Tsitretsitsi ɖe atikewo ƒe amedzidzedze ŋu si de ŋgɔ wu, si ɖea vi le dɔ tɔxɛ aɖewo wɔwɔ me.

 

Ne wotsɔ nu siawo sɔ kple gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo la, nya vevi geɖe dona:

 

1. Agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutete: Zi geɖe la, gakpo ƒe xɔtunu, ne eƒe titrime mede o gɔ̃ hã, naa ŋusẽ kple sesẽme de ŋgɔ wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple nu bubuwo.

 

2. Gazazã ake: Alesi gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo nɔa anyi didina la wɔnɛ be woate ŋu azãe ake zi geɖe, si ate ŋu axe ga si wozãna le gɔmedzedzea me si lolo wu.

 

3. Nuwuwu ƒe nyonyome: Ga si wotsɔ wɔa xɔmenuwoe naa kɔkrit si le gbadzaa ɣesiaɣi, si wɔnɛ be mehiã be woawɔ atike bubuwo ɖe anyigba dzi o.

 

4. Nusi sɔ pɛpɛpɛ: Gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe didime ƒe liƒo nana be kɔkrit ƒe akpa siwo de pɛpɛpɛ eye wowɔa nu ɖekae, si le vevie ŋutɔ na dɔ gãwo alo esiwo wowɔna pɛpɛpɛ ŋutɔ.

 

5. Nutome ŋu bubu: Togbɔ be gakpo wɔwɔ kpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe nutome dzi hã la, gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo gbugbɔgazã geɖe ate ŋu ana wòanye tiatia si anɔ anyi ɖaa na dɔ gãwo alo xɔtudɔwɔƒe siwo si ɖoɖo be yewoazãe ɣeyiɣi didi.

 

Tiatia si woawɔ le gakpo kple xɔtunu bubuwo dome nɔ te ɖe dɔ ɖesiaɖe ƒe nudidi tɔxɛwo dzi mlɔeba, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye gazazã ƒe kuxiwo, aɖaŋuwɔwɔ ƒe sesẽ, nutome ŋu bubu, kple xɔtuha la ƒe nunya. Nu ɖesiaɖe ƒe titrime gɔmesese kpena ɖe ame ŋu le nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe siwo da sɔ le dɔwɔwɔ, gazazã, kple nusiwo woate ŋu azã me.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro viɖe siwo le gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime si sɔ tiatia me kple alesi wòkpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtudɔa ƒe akpa vovovowo dzii me.

 

VI. Viɖe Siwo Le Ga ƒe Formwork ƒe Titrime Si Sɔ Ŋu

 

Tiatia si sɔ na gakpo ƒe xɔtunu tiatia le vevie ŋutɔ be xɔtudɔ ɖesiaɖe nakpɔ dzidzedze. Menye ɖeko xɔa ƒe titrime nyuitɔ nana xɔa ƒe wɔwɔme le blibo ko o, ke ewɔa akpa aɖe le xɔtudɔa ƒe akpa vovovo bubuwo hã me. Mina míadzro viɖe vevi siwo le gakpo ƒe xɔtunu si ƒe titrime sɔ zazã me.

 

A. Xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe blibonyenye kple dedienɔnɔ:

   1. Agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutete: Ne eƒe titrime sɔ la, ekpɔa egbɔ be xɔtunua te ŋu nɔa te ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu si kɔnkrit xɔdzo wɔna nu evɔ matrɔ alo ado kpo nu o.

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   3. Dɔwɔlawo ƒe dedienɔnɔ: Xɔtuɖaŋu sesẽwo ɖea afɔku siwo ate ŋu adzɔ le xɔtuƒea dzi kpɔtɔna, si kpɔa dɔwɔlawo ta tso afɔku siwo ate ŋu ado mo ɖa me.

 

B. Kɔkrit ƒe nuwuwu ƒe nyonyome:

   1. Anyigba ƒe glidzaglidza: Ga si wotsɔ ƒo ƒu nyuie la léa eƒe nɔnɔme me ɖe asi le nyaƒoɖeamenu me, si wɔnɛ be kɔkrit ƒe anyigbawo nɔa gbadzaa wu.

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   3. Ðekawɔwɔ: Titrime ɖekawɔwɔ le xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe akpawo katã dzi kpɔa egbɔ be kɔkrit wu enu ɖekae le xɔa katã me.

 

C. Alesi wònɔa anyi didina kple alesi woate ŋu azãe ake:

   1. Tsitretsitsi ɖe eƒe vuvu ŋu: Ga si le kpekpem wu la te ŋu nɔa te ɖe ʋuʋudedi, ʋuʋudedi, kple vuvu ƒomevi bubuwo nu wu, si wɔnɛ be eƒe agbenɔƒe si woate ŋu azã la didi wu.

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   3. Beléle na xɔa nyuie: Mehiã be woadzra xɔtunu sesẽwo ɖo ahaɖɔli wo edziedzi o, si wɔnɛ be beléle na wo ƒe ɖoɖowo nɔa bɔbɔe.

 

D. Gazazã nyuie le dɔ siwo woawɔ ɣeyiɣi didi me:

   1. Gadede asi le gɔmedzedzea me tsɔ wu ga si woadzra ɖo ɣeyiɣi didi: Togbɔ be ga si wotsɔ wɔa gakpo si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu axɔ ga geɖe wu do ŋgɔ hã la, zi geɖe la, eƒe anyinɔnɔ kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ ake nana wodzraa ga geɖe ɖo ɣeyiɣi didi.

   2. Nuwo ƒe gbeɖuɖɔ dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ: Nuɖaze si nɔa anyi didi wu ɖea alesi wòhiã be woaɖɔlii enuenu dzi kpɔtɔna, si wɔnɛ be nuwo ƒe gbegblẽ dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna.

   3. Ɣeyiɣi zazã nyuie: Formwork sesẽ wɔnɛ be woate ŋu aƒo wo nu ƒu kabakaba ahaɖe wo ɖa, si ate ŋu aɖe dɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣiɖoɖowo katã dzi akpɔtɔ.

 

E. Nu vovovowo wɔwɔ kple tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu:

   1. Taɖodzinu vovovowo zazã: Woate ŋu atrɔ asi le gakpo si le kpekpem nyuie ŋu na xɔtunu vovovowo, si ana woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu le xɔtutu me.

   2. Ðekawɔwɔ kple kpeɖeŋutɔ: Titrime nyuie kpɔa egbɔ be wowɔ ɖeka kple clamps, ka, kple formwork kpeɖeŋutɔ bubuwo, si wɔnɛ be ɖoɖoa katã ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyona ɖe edzi.

 

F. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le nutome ŋu:

   1. Carbon footprint dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ: Alesi wogate ŋu zãa gakpo si nɔa anyi didina la ake la, ate ŋu ana ŋusẽ nagagblẽ nu le nutome ŋu boo o ne wotsɔe sɔ kple esiwo wozãna zi ɖeka alo esiwo nɔa anyi didi.

   2. Nuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie: Titrime nyuitɔ nana nuwo zazã kple dɔwɔwɔ da sɔ, si wɔnɛ be xɔtuɖoɖo siwo li tegbee wu.

 

G. Dzɔdzɔmeŋutete dzi kpɔkpɔ kple eƒe wɔwɔ ɖekae:

   1. Dɔwɔwɔ si woate ŋu agblɔ ɖi: Gakpo si wowɔ nyuie si ƒe titrime sɔ naa emetsonu siwo mewɔa tɔtrɔ o le zazã geɖe me, si kpena ɖe ame ŋu le eƒe nyonyome dzi kpɔkpɔ me.

   2. Agbɔsɔsɔme ƒe nyateƒetoto: Nutata sesẽwo kpɔa egbɔ be wotsɔ kɔkrit-nu siwo wotsɔ wɔe la ƒu gbe ɖe nɔnɔme siwo sɔ pɛpɛpɛ nu, si le vevie ŋutɔ na dɔ sesẽwo alo dɔ gãwo wɔwɔ.

 

Ne xɔtudɔwɔlawo bu gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ŋu nyuie la, woate ŋu atrɔ asi le woƒe dɔwo ŋu wòanyo wu be woanɔ dedie, woƒe nyonyome, woawɔ dɔ nyuie, eye woagazã ga geɖe o. Viɖeawo keke ta wu xɔtutu ƒe akpa si woawɔ enumake, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔa alo xɔtuɖaŋuwo ƒe dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ ɣeyiɣi didi kple eƒe anyinɔnɔ tegbee dzi.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro nu vevi siwo ŋu woabu le gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime si sɔ tiatia me, si akpe ɖe xɔtuhawo ŋu woawɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe siwo sɔ ɖe woƒe dɔa ƒe nuhiahiã tɔxɛwo nu.

 

VII. Nusiwo ŋu nàbu le Ga ƒe Formwork ƒe Titrime Tiatia ŋu

 

Tiatia si sɔ na gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo tiatia nye nyametsotso vevi aɖe si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtudɔ aɖe ƒe akpa vovovowo dzi. Be woate ŋu awɔ tiatia si ŋu wonya nu tsoe la, ele be woabu nu vevi geɖe ŋu nyuie. Mina míadzro nu siawo siwo ŋu míabu la me tsitotsito:

 

A. Dɔa ƒe nɔnɔmewo:

   1. Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe nudidiwo: Xɔtuɖaŋu siwo wole wɔwɔm ƒe ƒomevi kple woƒe lolome (le kpɔɖeŋu me, gliwo, sɔtiwo, kpe gbadzɛwo) kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe titrime si hiã dzi tẽ.

   2. Kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe wɔwɔme: Kɔkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpekpeme kple nyaƒoɖeamenu, si me nusiwo wotsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu alo nɔnɔme tɔxɛ ɖesiaɖe hã le, kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe agba si le xɔtunua dzi.

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   4. Nudidi siwo hiã be woawu anyigba dzi: Dɔ siwo bia be woawɔ nusiwo le gbadzaa etɔxɛe ate ŋu aɖe vi tso xɔmenuwo ƒe wɔwɔme si le kpekpem wu, si sesẽ wu me.

 

B. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe akɔntabubuwo:

   1. Agbawo me dzodzro: Akɔntabubu tsitotsito le agba siwo wokpɔ mɔ na ŋu, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye kɔnkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu, ya ƒe agbawo, kple xɔtutu ƒe agba gbagbewo.

   2. Deflection limits: Deflection maximum si ŋu woɖe mɔ ɖo na formwork la nyanya be woakpɔ egbɔ be kɔnkrit si wowɔ vɔ la ƒe didime de pɛpɛpɛ.

   3. Dedienɔnɔ ƒe nyawo: Dedienɔnɔ ƒe vovototo siwo sɔ dede eme be woatsɔ abu agba siwo womele mɔ kpɔm na o alo teƒea ƒe nɔnɔmewo ƒe tɔtrɔ.

   4. Optimization nusɔsrɔ̃wo: Dadasɔ le titrime kple aɖaŋunu bubuwo abe stiffeners alo kpeɖeŋutɔ dometsotso be woaɖo aɖaŋu nyuitɔ kekeake.

 

C. Nutoa me xɔtuɖoɖowo kple ɖoɖowo:

   1. Sedziwɔwɔ ƒe nudidiwo: Kpɔ egbɔ be xɔtuɖaŋu si nètia ƒe titrime sɔ kple xɔtuɖoɖo siwo le nutoa me ƒe sededewo alo wu wo.

   2. Dedienɔnɔ ƒe dzidzenuwo: Dɔwɔƒe ƒe dedienɔnɔ ŋuti se siwo ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe wɔwɔme kple eƒe titrime dzi wɔwɔ.

   3. Nutome ŋuti sewo: Mɔxexe ɖe nutoa me ƒe mɔxexeɖenu ɖesiaɖe si le nuwo zazã alo gbeɖuɖɔwo wɔwɔ ŋu si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe xɔmenuwo tiatia dzi ŋu bubu.

 

D. Nutome ƒe nɔnɔmewo:

   1. Yame ƒe nɔnɔme: Dzoxɔxɔ si gbɔ eme ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ dzi, si ate ŋu abia be woatrɔ asi le eƒe titrime ŋu.

   2. Yame ƒe nɔnɔme: Dɔ siwo woawɔ le ƒuta alo nuto sesẽwo me ate ŋu ahiã be woawɔ xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu be woate ŋu anɔ te ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ kple gbegblẽ nu.

   3. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le anyigbaʋuʋu ŋu: Le nuto siwo me anyigbaʋuʋu te ŋu dzɔna le la, ahiã be woatrɔ asi le xɔtunu si ƒe titrime alo ŋusẽdodo bubuwo ŋu be wòate ŋu anɔ te ɖe anyigbaʋuʋu si ate ŋu adzɔ le xɔtutu me nu.

 

E. Dɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣi ɖoɖo kple gazazã:

   1. Xɔtutu ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖi: Xɔtutu ƒe ɣeyiɣiɖoɖo siwo le kabakaba wu ate ŋu ana woawɔe be xɔtuɖaŋu si le kpekpem wu, si nɔa anyi didina wu, si ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe ezazã enuenu nu.

   2. Gazazã ƒe mɔxenuwo: Dadasɔ le ga si wozãna le gɔmedzedzea me ɖe xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu ŋu kple viɖe siwo anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi kple wo zazã ake.

   3. Dɔwɔnuwo ƒe anyinɔnɔ: Ŋugbledede le ŋutete si le dɔwɔnu siwo li siwo wotsɔna kɔa nu kple esiwo wotsɔ wɔa dɔe ŋu ne èle formwork ƒe titrime tiam.

 

F. Gbugbɔgazã kple ʋuɖoɖo:

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   2. Ʋuɖoɖo ƒe ɖoɖowo: Formwork si le kpekpem wu la kpekpe wu, si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ʋuɖoɖo ƒe gazazãwo kple alesi woawɔ dɔ le teƒea dzi.

   3. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le nudzraɖoƒe ŋu: Nudzraɖoƒe si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia be woatsɔ nudzraɖoƒe ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu siwo sesẽ wu be woaxe mɔ ɖe tɔtrɔ alo nusiwo gblẽ le wo zazã dome nu.

 

G. Xɔtuha la ƒe nunya:

   1. Gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo nyanya nyuie: Nuteƒekpɔkpɔ si le ƒuƒoƒoa si le gakpo ƒe titrime vovovowo ŋu ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe tiatia la dzi.

   2. Dɔwɔla bibiwo ƒe amesinɔnɔ: Ðewohĩ aɖaŋu tɔxɛ siwo woatsɔ awɔ dɔe ƒe ɖoɖo siwo sesẽ wu la ƒoƒo ƒu kple wo zazã.

 

H. Ðekawɔwɔ kple ɖoɖo bubuwo:

   1. Ðekawɔwɔ kple xɔtunu ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ: Kpɔ egbɔ be eƒe titrime si nètia la wɔa dɔ nyuie kple ka, nulénu, kple xɔtunu ƒe akpa bubuwo.

   2. Nuwɔwɔ aduadu kple kɔnkrit dada ƒe dɔwɔnuwo: Bubudede kadodo si le formwork kple kɔnkrit pɔmpiwo alo dada ƒe mɔnu bubuwo dome ŋu.

 

I. Etsɔme ƒe tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu:

   1. Ŋutete si li be woagazãe le dɔ vovovowo me: Tiatia si woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu si woate ŋu atrɔ asi le na dɔ vovovowo wɔwɔ le etsɔme.

   2. Trɔtrɔ: Alesi woate ŋu atso xɔmenuwo alo atrɔ asi le eŋu bɔbɔe na ɖoɖo vovovowo ŋu bubu.

 

Ne xɔtudɔwɔlawo da nu siawo ŋu nyuie la, woate ŋu awɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe le gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ŋu. Taɖodzinuae nye be woatia titrime si menye ɖeko wòasɔ ɖe dɔa ƒe nudidi siwo hiã enumake gbɔ ko o, ke ana asixɔxɔ nyuitɔ kekeake si anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi hã le dɔwɔwɔ, dedienɔnɔ, kple gazazã nyuie gome.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro nu yeye siwo wowɔ le gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe nɔnɔme me siwo le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe gakpo ƒe titrime ŋu bubu dzi eye wole gakpo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bliboa nyom ɖe edzi.

 

VIII. Nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ le Steel Formwork Design me

 

Gakpo ƒe xɔtunuwo ƒe akpaa le tɔtrɔm ɖaa, eye mɔ̃ɖaŋununya yeyewo kple aɖaŋuwɔwɔ ƒe mɔnuwo le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe titrime ŋu bubu kple dɔwɔwɔ bliboa dzi. Nu yeye siawo le asi trɔm le alesi míebua gakpo ƒe xɔtunuwo ŋu hezãnɛ le xɔtutu me ŋu. Mina míadzro ŋgɔyiyi vevi aɖewo me:

 

A. Gakpo siwo ƒe kpekpeme le bɔbɔe ƒe tiatia siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le ŋutɔ:

   1. Akɔbli deŋgɔwo: Ga yeye siwo wotsɔ ga wɔe naa ŋusẽ kple kpekpeme ƒe sɔsɔme si lolo wu, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔ xɔtunu siwo le tsɛ wu evɔ womegblẽa xɔtunu ƒe blibonyenye me o.

   2. Ga si wotsɔ dzoxɔxɔ wɔe: Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe mɔnu tɔxɛwo ate ŋu ana gakpo ƒe ŋusẽ nadzi ɖe edzi, si ate ŋu aɖe eƒe titrime si hiã dzi akpɔtɔ.

   3. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe titrime dzi: Nu yeye siawo ate ŋu aɖe mɔ be woaɖe formwork ƒe titrime dzi akpɔtɔ 10-20% ne wotsɔe sɔ kple gakpo xoxowo, esime wole dɔwɔwɔ me ɖe asi alo le edzi yim gɔ̃ hã.

 

B. Modular kple asitɔtrɔ le ɖoɖowo ŋu:

   1. Panel ƒe nɔnɔme siwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe: Modular ɖoɖo yeyewo ɖea mɔ be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le formwork ƒe ɖoɖowo ŋu bɔbɔe, eye zi geɖe la, wozãa titrime siwo woɖo ɖe ɖoɖo nu le akpa vovovowo me.

   2. Dodokpɔ si wotsɔ wɔ ɖekae: Wotsɔa nusiwo wotsɔ doa ŋusẽe siwo wotu ɖe atsyã aɖewo me, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔ akpa vevi siwo le tsɛ wu evɔ wometsɔa ŋusẽ sa vɔe o.

   3. Adaptable thickness: Nuɖoanyi siwo ɖea mɔ be woatsɔ ŋusẽdoame ƒuƒoƒowo akpe ɖe eŋu alo aɖe wo ɖa, si trɔa asi le formwork ƒe titrime ŋu nyuie le dɔa ƒe hiahiã tɔxɛwo nu.

 

C. Ga-plywood-mɔ̃ si wotsɔ ƒo ƒui:

   1. Aɖaŋu siwo wotsɔ tsaka: Gakpo ƒe ŋusẽ tsɔtsɔ tsaka kple alesi plywood te ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu kple eƒe gazazã nyuie.

   2. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le titrime ŋu: Zi geɖe la, ɖoɖo siawo zãa gakpo siwo le tsɛ wu (1-2mm) siwo wotsɔ plywood ɖo megbe na, si wɔnɛ be wodaa asɔ le dɔwɔwɔ kple gazazã dome.

   3. Woate ŋu azãe le mɔ vovovowo nu: Enaa woate ŋu atrɔ asi le teƒea ŋu bɔbɔe wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple gakpowo katã ƒe ɖoɖowo, evɔ wògakpɔtɔ naa viɖe geɖe le gakpo ƒe nɔnɔmewɔwɔ ŋu.

 

D. Smart formwork ɖoɖowo:

   1. Embedded sensors: Nyaƒoɖeamenu kple dzoxɔxɔ sensorwo ƒe ƒoƒo ƒu ɖekae be woalé ŋku ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe dɔyɔyɔ ŋu le ɣeyiɣi ŋutɔŋutɔ me, si ate ŋu ana woawɔ dɔ nyuie wu le formwork ƒe titrime ŋu.

   2. Nyatakakawo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ: Nyatakaka siwo woƒo ƒu zazã atsɔ atrɔ asi le xɔtunu ƒe titrime ƒe nudidiwo ŋu na dɔ siwo woawɔ le etsɔme, si ana woawɔ aɖaŋu siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu.

 

E. Anyigbadzidɔdamɔnu siwo wodo ŋusẽe:

   1. Nano-coatings: Nu deŋgɔ siwo wotsɔ blaa nu siwo nana be kɔnkrit ƒe nutete nyona ɖe edzi eye wòɖea kɔnkrit ƒe ƒoƒo dzi kpɔtɔna la dede, si ate ŋu ana woawɔ formwork si le tsɛ vie.

   .

 

F. Formwork ƒe akpa siwo wota 3D:

   1. Geometries siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu: Ŋutete be woawɔ formwork ƒe akpa siwo sesẽ, siwo ku ɖe dɔa koŋ ŋu, siwo naa nuwo zazã kple woƒe titrime nyona ɖe edzi.

   2. Prototyping kabakaba: Formwork ƒe nɔnɔme yeyewo wɔwɔ kabakaba kple dodokpɔ, si wɔnɛ be wowɔa titrime ƒe nɔnɔme siwo ŋu wokɔ wu.

 

G. Nusiwo dona le nugbagbewo me siwo gblẽna:

   1. Tiatia siwo me gblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o: Atike yeye siwo woɖena ɖe go siwo megblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o eye woate ŋu awɔ nu kple gakpowo le mɔ vovovowo nu.

   2. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe eƒe titrime dzi: Nu siawo ate ŋu akpɔ ame ta nyuie wu tso eƒe vuvu me, si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe titrime ƒe nudidi siwo hiã ɣeyiɣi didi dzi.

 

H. Mɔnu deŋgɔ siwo wozãna tsɔ ƒoa ƒu ɖekae:

   1. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya siwo nyo wu: Weld sesẽwo, siwo de pɛpɛpɛ wu, siwo ate ŋu ana ŋusẽ bliboa nadzi ɖe edzi le formwork kpekpewo me.

   2. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ: Kadodo ƒomevi yeye siwo naa agba mama nyuie wu, si ate ŋu ana woaɖe woƒe titrime dzi akpɔtɔ le teƒe aɖewo.

 

I. Akɔntabubu ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ kple numekuku:

   1. Finite element analysis: Modeling mɔnu deŋgɔwo ɖe mɔ be woawɔ formwork ƒe titrime ƒe nyonyome pɛpɛpɛ si wotu ɖe agba siwo wokpɔ mɔ na dzi.

   2. Generative design: AI-driven design processes siwo ate ŋu ado susu ɖa le formwork configurations yeyewo ŋu, si ate ŋu anye kuxi na dekɔnu ƒe titrime dzidzenuwo.

 

Menye ɖeko nu yeye siawo le ŋusẽ kpɔm ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime dzi ko o, ke wole eƒe ŋutetewo kple wo zazã hã kekem ɖe enu. Esi mɔ̃ɖaŋununya siawo le tsitsim eye wova le wo zãm geɖe wu la, míate ŋu akpɔ mɔ be míayi edzi atrɔ asi le gakpowo ƒe nɔnɔme ŋu, si ate ŋu ana woazã nuwo nyuie wu, woana woƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi, eye woanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi wu le xɔtudɔwo me.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro alesi woabu gakpo siwo ƒe titrime le vovovo la dede kple wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ ŋu, eye míahe susu ayi nu ŋutɔŋutɔ siwo titrime tiatia gblẽna le xɔtudɔwɔƒea ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu dzi.

 

IX. Steel Formwork ƒe Dede Kple Eŋudɔwɔwɔ

 

Gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe eɖoɖo kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo dzi vevie le xɔtuƒewo. Gɔmesese siawo gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ na dɔa dzikpɔlawo kple xɔtuhawo be woakpɔ egbɔ be wowɔ dɔ nyuie eye woalé dedienɔnɔ ƒe dzidzenuwo me ɖe asi. Mina míadzro nu vevi siwo le eɖoɖo kple wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ me me abe alesi wodo ƒome kple gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime ene:

 

A. Dɔwɔnuwo ƒe nudidi siwo wotu ɖe woƒe titrime dzi:

   1. Dɔwɔnu siwo wotsɔ kɔa nu:

      - Zi geɖe la, formwork panels siwo le kpekpem wu (4-5mm kple edzivɔ) hiãa crane siwo wɔa dɔ sesẽ alo dɔwɔnu tɔxɛ siwo wotsɔ kɔa nu le woƒe kpekpeme si dzi ɖe edzi ta.

      - Woate ŋu akpɔ ʋuƒo siwo le tsɛ wu (2-3mm) dzi kple crane suewo alo asiwɔwɔ gɔ̃ hã na dɔ aɖewo wɔwɔ.

   2. Ʋu siwo tsɔa amewo:

      - Formwork si kpekpe wu, si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ahiã be woawɔ ʋuɖoɖo ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu sesẽwo wu, si ate ŋu ana nuwo ɖoɖoɖa ƒe gazazãwo nadzi ɖe edzi.

      - Agba ƒe seɖoƒewo ŋu bubu le xɔtuƒewo ƒe mɔwo kple mɔ siwo dzi woato age ɖe eme ne wole xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu zãm.

   3. Nudzraɖoƒe ƒe ɖoɖowo:

      - Formwork panels siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia nudzraɖoƒe alo nuƒolanɔƒe sesẽwo be woaxe mɔ ɖe warping alo gbegblẽ nu le nudzraɖoƒe.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu ana woate ŋu awɔ nudzraɖoƒewo ƒe kuxiwo gbɔ kpɔnu siwo le sue wu, si ate ŋu ana teƒe nanɔ xɔtuƒe siwo amewo sɔ gbɔ ɖo.

 

B. Dedienɔnɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo:

   1. Seɖoƒe siwo woɖo na asidɔwɔwɔ:

      - Zi geɖe la, dɔwɔƒe ƒe lãmesẽ kple dedienɔnɔ ŋuti sewo gblɔa kpekpeme si sɔ gbɔ wu na asi kɔkɔ. Woate ŋu atsɔ xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu la agbɔ seɖoƒe siawo ŋu, si abia be mɔ̃ɖaŋununya nakpe ɖe eŋu.

      - Kpɔɖeŋu: Le ʋɔnudrɔ̃ƒe geɖe me la, kpekpeme si woɖo be woatsɔ asi awɔe la anɔ abe kilogram 25 ene na ame ɖeka. Gakpo si ƒe lolome nye 1.2mx 2.4m si ƒe titrime nye 3mm ate ŋu ƒe kpekpeme anɔ abe kilogram 70 ene, si ahiã be woatsɔ ƒuƒoƒo akɔ nu alo mɔ̃wo ƒe kpekpeɖeŋunuwo.

   2. Liƒolili le kpekpea me:

      - Zi geɖe la, formwork panels siwo le kpekpem wu naa li ke nyuie wu le kpekpea wɔwɔ me, si ɖea afɔku si le afɔku si le ʋuʋu alo mu le vo me dzi kpɔtɔna.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu ahiã be woatsɔ ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ƒe akɔtaɖonu bubuwo alo akpe ɖe wo ŋu le wo ɖoɖo me be woakpɔ egbɔ be dɔwɔlawo le dedie.

   3. Nugbɔ takpɔkpɔ:

      - Eɖanye titrime ka kee ɖale o, ele be woakpɔ gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe goawo katã ta nyuie be woaxe mɔ ɖe lãɖeɖe kple abixɔxɔ nu le wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ me.

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu ƒe gowo ate ŋu asẽ wu, si ate ŋu ana abixɔxɔ ƒe afɔkua nadzi ɖe edzi ne womekpɔ wo dzi nyuie o.

   4. Afɔku siwo le ʋuʋu kple afɔdzidede:

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu, siwo kpekpe wu ate ŋu asesẽ wu be woatrɔ asi le wo ŋu, si ate ŋu ana afɔku si le xɔtuƒea ƒe gbagbã kple ʋuʋu ƒe afɔkuwo nadzi ɖe edzi.

      - Ðoɖo nyui wɔwɔ ɖe ʋuʋumɔwo ŋu kple kadodo si me kɔ le ƒuƒoƒoa me tɔwo dome le vevie ŋutɔ, vevietɔ ne wole ʋuƒo siwo lolo wu, siwo le kpekpem wu la zãm.

 

C. Hehenana ƒe hiahiãwo na xɔtudɔwɔlawo:

   1. Kɔkɔe ƒe mɔnu nyuiwo:

      - Dɔwɔlawo hiã hehe le alesi woakɔ nu nyuie ŋu, vevietɔ na xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu, siwo kpekpe wu.

      - Team lifting ƒe vevienyenye gɔmesese kple mɔ̃ɖaŋununya ƒe kpekpeɖeŋunuwo zazã na formwork ƒe titrime vovovowo.

   2. Nuƒoƒoƒu kple eɖeɖeɖa ƒe ɖoɖowo:

      - Hehenana le nuwo ƒoƒo ƒu kple wo ɖeɖeɖa ƒe ɖoɖo nyuitɔ ŋu, si ate ŋu ato vovo le formwork ƒe titrime kple eƒe nɔnɔme nu.

      - Tete ɖe nuwo ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ nyuie kple kadodomɔnu dzi be woakpɔ egbɔ be woli ke eye wole dedie.

   3. Ame ŋutɔ ƒe ametakpɔnu (PPE) zazã:

      - Asigɛwo, afɔkpa siwo ƒe afɔbidɛwo nye gakpo, kple PPE bubuwo zazã nyuie le vevie ŋutɔ ne wole gakpo ƒe nɔnɔme si ƒe titrime katã le dɔ wɔm.

      - Ðewohĩ ahiã be woabu PPE ŋu bubu na ʋuƒo siwo le kpekpem wu, siwo kpekpe wu.

   4. Dzesidede agba siwo le formwork dzi:

      - Hehenana dɔwɔlawo be woase ƒomedodo si le formwork ƒe titrime kple eƒe agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutete dome gɔme.

      - Vevienyenye be woagagbɔ agba siwo wotsɔ wɔe ŋu o, vevietɔ kple formwork panels siwo le tsɛ wu.

 

D. Alesi woawɔe wòasɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu kple alesi woawɔe pɛpɛpɛ:

   1. Leveling kple pɔmpiwo:

      - Formwork si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia agbagbadzedze geɖe wu be woaɖo nuwo ɖe ɖoɖo nu pɛpɛpɛ le eƒe kpekpeme ta gake zi geɖe la, eléa ɖoɖowɔwɔ me ɖe asi nyuie wu ne wonya ɖoe ko.

      - Woate ŋu atrɔ asi le ʋuƒo siwo le tsɛ wu ŋu bɔbɔe wu gake ate ŋu abia be woalé ŋku ɖe wo ŋu enuenu eye woagbugbɔ wo aɖo wo ɖe ɖoɖo nu le kɔnkrit kɔklɔ me.

   2. Ƒuƒoƒo ƒe nutrenu:

      - Formwork ƒe titrime ateŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe alesi woate ŋu atre ƒunukpeƒewo le panels dome bɔbɔe dzi.

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana nugbɔ siwo sesẽ wu, si ate ŋu ana nutrenu ƒe ɖoɖoa nanɔ bɔbɔe.

 

E. Nusiwo ŋu woabu be woaɖe asi le Formwork ŋu:

   1. Ŋusẽ siwo ɖea nu le ame ŋu:

      - Formwork si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia ŋusẽ geɖe wu be woaɖee le kɔkrit ƒe dɔyɔyɔ vɔ megbe, si ate ŋu ahiã be woazã dɔwɔnu tɔxɛwo.

      - Ele be woabu ƒomedodo si le formwork ƒe titrime kple eƒe asiɖeɖe le eŋu bɔbɔe dome ŋu ne wole atike siwo ɖea asi le eŋu tiam.

   2. Ɣeyiɣi si woaɖe formwork ɖa:

      - Formwork ƒe titrime ateŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe léle ɖe te le kɔkrit si woda gbe le me dzi, si ateŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe stripping ɖoɖowɔɖiwo dzi.

      - Formwork si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana woaɖe stripping do ŋgɔ le go aɖewo me le eƒe sesẽme kple agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutete si lolo wu ta.

 

F. Trɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu le teƒea:

   1. Tɔtrɔ siwo wowɔ:

      - Zi geɖe la, ele bɔbɔe be woalã formwork panels siwo le tsɛ wu alo atrɔ asi le wo ŋu le teƒea ne ehiã.

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia dɔwɔnu tɔxɛ siwo wotsɔ lãa nu, si ate ŋu ana be woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmeawo ŋu le teƒea.

   2. Tsɔtsɔ ƒo ƒu kple ɖoɖo bubuwo:

      - Alesi gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime vovovowo wɔa ɖeka kple xɔtunu bubuwo (le kpɔɖeŋu me, aluminum alo ati) na xɔtunu sesẽwo gɔmesese.

 

Ne xɔtuhawo bu gakpowo ɖoɖo kple wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ ƒe akpa siawo ŋu nyuie le gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime gome la, woate ŋu atrɔ asi le woƒe dɔwɔwɔwo ŋu wòanyo wu be woawɔ dɔ nyuie ahanɔ dedie. Ele be tiatia si woawɔ le xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime ŋu nada asɔ le dɔa ƒe xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe nudidiwo kple nusiwo ŋu woabu ŋutɔŋutɔ le alesi woawɔe le teƒea kple eɖoɖo ŋu.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe beléle kple eƒe agbenɔƒe didi me, eye míadzro alesi titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe gakpo ƒe vuvu kple eƒe vuvu dzi, alesi wokɔa xɔa ŋu, kple gakpoa ƒe agbenɔƒe bliboa me.

 

X. Ga Siwo Wotsɔ Wɔe ƒe Beléle Kple Agbenɔƒe Didi

 

Gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le eƒe anyinɔnɔ, beléle na wo, kple eƒe agbenɔƒe bliboa me. Akpa siawo gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ be woana asixɔxɔ si anɔ gadede agbalẽdzraɖoƒewo ŋu ɣeyiɣi didi la nanyo ɖe edzi. Mina míadzro alesi titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe beléle kple eƒe agbenɔƒe didi dzii me:

 

A. Ŋusẽ si titrime kpɔna ɖe eƒe vuvu kple eƒe vuvu dzi:

   1. Tsitretsitsi ɖe ŋutilã me nugbegblẽ ŋu:

      - Zi geɖe la, formwork si le kpekpem wu (4-5mm kple esi wu nenema) ɖea tsitretsitsi geɖe wu fiana ɖe dents, scratches, kple ŋutilã me nugbegblẽ ƒomevi bubuwo ŋu.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu (2-3mm) ate ŋu atrɔ bɔbɔe wu tso nusiwo woƒo alo wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ le mɔ gbegblẽ nu ta, si ate ŋu aɖe woƒe agbenɔƒe si woate ŋu azã dzi akpɔtɔ.

   2. Ðeɖiteameŋu ƒe tsitretsitsi:

      - Zi geɖe la, gakpo siwo le kpekpem wu ɖea ɖeɖiteameŋu ƒe tsitretsitsi nyuie wu fiana, wonɔa te ɖe zazã ƒe tsatsam geɖe wu nu hafi ɖea ga ƒe ɖeɖiteameŋu ƒe dzesiwo fiana.

      - Kpɔɖeŋu: 5mm ƒe titrime ƒe ʋuƒo ateŋu anɔ te ɖe 200-300 zazã nu, gake 3mm ƒe 3mm ƒe ʋuƒo ateŋu anye 100-150 zazã le nɔnɔme mawo tɔgbe me.

   3. Tsitretsitsi ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ ŋu:

      - Togbɔ be titrime ŋutɔ mekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe tsitretsitsi dzi tẽ o hã la, nu geɖe le xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu si be 'tsɔ asa vɔe' hafi xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe blibonyenye nagblẽ.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu abia be woawɔ atike siwo tsia xɔxlɔ̃ nu enuenu alo woaɖɔli wo le nɔnɔme sesẽwo me.

 

B. Dzadzɛnyenye kple nudzraɖoƒe ƒe mɔnuwo:

   1. Dzadzɛnyenye ƒe mɔnuwo:

      - Zi geɖe la, xɔtunu si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe dzadzɛnyenyemɔnu sesẽwo nu, abe elektrikŋusẽklɔ alo ƒoƒo ene, evɔ afɔku aɖeke manɔ eme be wòatrɔ alo agblẽ o.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu abia be woakɔ wo ŋu tufafatɔe wu be woaƒo asa na woƒe bɔbɔ alo woahe anyigba ƒe masɔmasɔwo vɛ.

   2. Atikewo ƒe tsitretsitsi:

      - Formwork si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana woazã dzadzɛnyenyetike sesẽwo evɔ afɔku aɖeke manɔ eme be woage ɖe eme alo agblẽ o.

      - Ele be woakpɔ nyuie le ʋuƒo siwo le tsɛ wu ŋu be woakpɔ egbɔ be atike siwo wotsɔna klɔa nu ŋu megblẽ gakpoa ƒe blibonyenye me o.

   3. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le nudzraɖoƒe:

      - Panel siwo le kpekpem wu la mete ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe le nudzraɖoƒe o, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔ nudzraɖoƒe ƒe tiatia siwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe wu.

      - Formwork si le tsɛ wu ate ŋu abia be woatsɔ ŋuɖɔɖɔɖo geɖe wu aɖo wo dzi ahalé wo ɖe te le edzraɖoɣi be wòanɔ gbadzaa eye wòaxe mɔ ɖe eƒe bɔbɔ nu.

 

C. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le nuwo dzadzraɖo kple wo ɖɔliɖɔli ŋu:

   1. Dzadzraɖo ƒe ŋutete:

      - Zi geɖe la, formwork si le kpekpem wu ɖea mɔ na nuwo ɖɔɖɔɖo geɖe wu, abe welding alo patching ene, evɔ womagblẽ xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe blibonyenye me o.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu asesẽ wu be woadzra wo ɖo nyuie, si ate ŋu ana woaɖɔli wo kaba.

   2. Gazazã nyuie le nuwo dzadzraɖo ŋu:

      - Nyametsotso be woadzra formwork ɖo alo aɖɔlii la kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe eƒe titrime dzi. Esi wònye be ʋuƒo siwo le kpekpem wu la nɔa anyi didina ta la, ate ŋu ana woadze agbagba geɖe wu be woadzra wo ɖo.

      - Le ʋuƒo siwo le tsɛ wu gome la, wo ɖɔliɖɔli ate ŋu axɔ ga geɖe wu wo dzadzraɖo wu teƒe aɖe si wovuvu.

   3. Mɔ siwo dzi woato aɖɔli akpa aɖewo:

      - Le ɖoɖo siwo zãa titrime vovovowo me la, woate ŋu awɔ teƒe siwo woate ŋu avuvu bɔbɔe la kple xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu be woate ŋu aɖɔli wo bɔbɔe, gake teƒe siwo me nuteɖeamedzi mele boo o ya zãa xɔtunu siwo le tsɛ wu hena gazazã dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ.

 

D. Nusiwo nana wowɔa dɔ ɣeyiɣi didi:

   1. Dimensional li ke:

      - Formwork si le kpekpem wu la dina be yealé yeƒe nɔnɔme kple didime me ɖe asi nyuie wu le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, si wɔnɛ be wowua kɔkrit nu ɣesiaɣi le eŋudɔwɔwɔ zi geɖe megbe gɔ̃ hã.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu akpɔ tɔtrɔ siwo menya kpɔna dzea sii bɔbɔe o le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe anyigba ƒe nyonyome dzi le wo zazã emegbe me.

   2. Anyigba ƒe nyonyome léle ɖe asi:

      - Ŋutete si le xɔtunua ŋu be wòawɔ kɔkrit ƒe anyigba siwo le nyonyome nyuie ate ŋu agblẽ kabakaba le xɔtunu siwo le tsɛ wu me le esi wowɔ mo si le wɔwɔm la ƒe vuvu kabakaba wu ta.

      - Zi geɖe la, xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu léa woƒe anyigba ƒe nyonyome me ɖe asi hena zazã geɖe, si wɔnɛ be kɔkrit ƒe nuwuwu nɔa anyi ɖaa.

 

E. Nutome ƒe nusiwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe agbenɔƒe didi dzi:

   1. UV ƒe ʋuʋu:

      - Togbɔ be zi geɖe la, gakpo te ŋu nɔa te ɖe UV ƒe gbegblẽ nu hã la, ametakpɔnu siwo wotsɔ blaa nu ate ŋu avuvu kabakaba le ʋuƒo siwo le tsɛ wu dzi, si ate ŋu ana gakpoa nadze nutome ƒe nɔnɔmewo nu kaba.

   2. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ:

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu la mete ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe tso dzoxɔxɔ ƒe kekeɖenudɔwɔwɔ kple woƒe ʋuʋu me o, si ate ŋu ana woƒe agbenɔƒe si woate ŋu azã nadidi ɖe edzi le nuto siwo me dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ kpata le me.

   3. Tsidzadza ƒe ʋuʋu:

      - Le nuto siwo me fafa le ŋutɔ alo dɔ siwo me tsi le enuenu me la, ʋuƒo siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana woanɔ anyi didi wu le woƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe mɔɖeɖe si dzi ɖe edzi ta.

 

F. Beléle na xɔa ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ:

   1. Dzodzro zi gbɔ zi geɖe:

      - Formwork si le tsɛ wu ate ŋu abia be woalé ŋku ɖe eŋu enuenu be woalé woƒe vuvu alo nusiwo gblẽ kaba ahakpɔ wo gbɔ.

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana dometsotso didiwo nanɔ ŋkuléle ɖe nu ŋu nyuie dome, si ate ŋu aɖe beléle na xɔa ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ dzi akpɔtɔ.

   2. Dzadzraɖo si woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe enu:

      - Beléle na mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu ƒe ɖoɖowɔɖi si wotu ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime dzi wɔwɔ ate ŋu ana beléle na xɔa ƒe gazazãwo kple xɔtunu ƒe agbenɔƒe didi dome nada asɔ nyuie wu.

      - Kpɔɖeŋu: 5mm ƒe titrime ƒe akpa aɖe ate ŋu ato beléle gã aɖe me le eŋudɔwɔwɔ 100 ɖesiaɖe me, gake 3mm ƒe akpa si ƒe titrime ate ŋu abia be woalé ŋku ɖe eŋu le zazã 50 ɖesiaɖe me.

 

G. Nusiwo ŋu woabu le agbe ƒe nuwuwu:

   1. Nusiwo woate ŋu azã ake:

      - Gakpo siwo le kpekpem wu ƒe xɔtunuwo ate ŋu akpɔ kakɛ ƒe asixɔxɔ si lolo wu le woƒe agbenɔƒe ƒe nuwuwu le nusiwo woate ŋu azã ake ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si lolo wu ta.

   2. Tiatia siwo woate ŋu azã ake:

      - Akpa siwo le kpekpem wu siwo megasɔ na kɔnkrit dɔwɔwɔ si sɔ pɛpɛpɛ o ate ŋu akpɔ agbe evelia le dɔwɔwɔ siwo mehiã boo o me, si ana woƒe viɖe bliboa nakeke ɖe enu.

 

Ne xɔtudɔwɔƒewo se alesi gakpo ƒe titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe beléle kple eƒe agbenɔƒe didi dzi gɔme la, woate ŋu awɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe wu le ga si wotsɔ dea gakpowo me ŋu. Beléle na xɔa ƒe ɖoɖo nyuiwo, siwo wowɔ ɖe xɔtunua ƒe titrime kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo tɔxɛwo nu, ate ŋu ana eƒe agbenɔƒe nadidi ɖe edzi ŋutɔ eye wòana ga si woakpɔ tso gadede eme katã nanyo ɖe edzi.

 

Le akpa si kplɔe ɖo me la, míadzro ŋusẽ si gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime kpɔna ɖe ganyawo dzi le xɔtutu me me, eye míadzro alesi titrime ƒe tiatia kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe dɔa ƒe gazazãwo, ɣeyiɣi ƒe ɖoɖowo, kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie bliboa dzii me.

 

XI. Ganyawo ƒe Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi si Gakpowo ƒe Dɔwɔnuwɔna Le Xɔtudɔwo Me

 

Gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime gblẽa nu le ganyawo ŋu vevie na xɔtudɔwo. Menye gadede asi gbãtɔ me koe wògblẽa nu le o, ke ekpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe gazazã siwo anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi, dɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣiɖoɖowo, kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie bliboa hã dzi. Ganyawo ƒe nɔnɔme siawo gɔmesese le vevie ŋutɔ na nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe le xɔmenuwo tiatia ŋu. Mina míadzro ganyawo ƒe akpa vovovo siwo dzi gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime kpɔ ŋusẽ ɖo me:

 

A. Gadede asi gbãtɔ me tsɔ wu viɖe siwo woakpɔ tso eme ɣeyiɣi didi:

   1. Ga si woaxe do ŋgɔ:

      - Zi geɖe la, gakpo si le kpekpem wu (4-5mm kple esi wu nenema) ƒe gazazã le gɔmedzedzea me lolo wu le nusiwo wozãna ƒe dzidziɖedzi ta.

      - Panel siwo le tsɛ wu (2-3mm) naa ga si wozãna do ŋgɔ la le ʋɛ wu gake ate ŋu anɔ kpuie wu.

   2. Gakpɔkpɔ tso gadede asi me (ROI):

      - Zi geɖe la, formwork si le kpekpem wu naa ROI si nyo wu ɣeyiɣi didi le esi wònɔa anyi didina eye wògazãnɛ ake ta.

      - Kpɔɖeŋu: 5mm ƒe titrime ƒe ʋuƒo si ƒe asi wu 3mm ƒe ʋuƒo ate ŋu anɔ anyi zi 250 zazã ɖe 150 teƒe, si ana asixɔxɔ nyuitɔ le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.

   3. Dɔa ƒe lolome ŋu bubu:

      - Le dɔ gãwo alo xɔtudɔwɔƒe siwo hiã xɔtuɖaŋu siwo yia edzi ɖaa gome la, woate ŋu aɖo kpe gadede gbãtɔ si lolo wu ɖe xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu me dzi bɔbɔe wu.

      - Dɔ sue siwo wowɔna zi ɖeka ate ŋu aɖe vi geɖe wu tso xɔmenuwo ƒe tiatia siwo le tsɛ wu, siwo mexɔ asi boo o me.

 

B. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe dɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣiɖoɖowo dzi:

   1. Nuƒoƒoƒu kple eɖeɖeɖa ƒe duƒuƒu:

      - Formwork panels siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia ɣeyiɣi kple agbagbadzedze geɖe wu be woaƒo wo nu ƒu le woƒe kpekpeme ta, si ate ŋu ana dɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣiwo nadidi ɖe edzi.

      - Ke hã, woƒe sesẽ ate ŋu ana ɣeaɖewoɣi be woakɔ kɔkrit kabakaba eye woaɖe wo ɖa kaba, si ate ŋu axe ɣeyiɣi si wobu le gɔmedzedzea me.

   2. Beléle na xɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣi si woadzudzɔ:

      - Formwork si le tsɛ wu ate ŋu abia be woadzrae ɖo alo aɖɔlii enuenu, si ana dɔa nahe ɖe megbe.

      - Panel siwo le kpekpem wu, kple woƒe beléle na wo ƒe dometsotso didiwo, ate ŋu akpe ɖe dɔa ƒe ŋgɔyiyi si mewɔa tɔtrɔ o ŋu.

   3. Nusɔsrɔ̃ ƒe mɔnu:

      - Alesi wòsesẽna le xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime vovovowo ŋudɔwɔwɔ me ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ʋua me dɔwɔlawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie dzi, vevietɔ le dɔ aɖe ƒe gɔmedzedze.

 

C. Dɔwɔlawo ƒe gazazã siwo do ƒome kple titrime vovovowo:

   1. Dɔwɔlawo ƒe ŋusẽ si hiã:

      - Zi geɖe la, ahiã be woawɔ ʋua me dɔwɔla gãwo alo dɔwɔnu tɔxɛwo hena dɔwɔwɔ, si wɔnɛ be dɔwɔlawo ƒe gazazã dzina ɖe edzi.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu ana ʋua me dɔwɔla suewo nate ŋu awɔ dɔ gake ate ŋu abia be woagbugbɔ aɖo wo teƒe alo atrɔ asi le wo ŋu enuenu.

   2. Aɖaŋu ƒe seƒe kple hehexɔxɔ:

      - Dɔwɔwɔ kple xɔtunu si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia dɔwɔla bibi geɖe wu, si ate ŋu ana fetu ƒe gazazãwo nadzi ɖe edzi.

      - Hehenana ƒe gazazãwo ate ŋu asɔ gbɔ wu na ƒuƒoƒo siwo le dɔ wɔm kple xɔtuɖaŋu siwo sesẽ wu, siwo le kpekpem wu.

   3. Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme:

      - Formwork ɖoɖo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie ateŋu ato vovo le eƒe titrime nu, si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dɔwɔlawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bliboa kple gazazãwo dzi.

      - Kpɔɖeŋu: Ʋua me dɔwɔlawo ate ŋu ade m2 100 si ƒe titrime nye 3mm ƒe xɔmenuwo gbesiagbe, gake m2 80 koe nye 5mm ƒe titrime ƒe xɔmenuwo, si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dɔwɔlawo ƒe gazazã dzi le mita square ɖeka me.

 

D. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe nyonyome kple eƒe nuwuwu ƒe gazazãwo dzi:

   1. Anyigbadzinuwuwu:

      - Zi geɖe la, xɔtunu si le kpekpem wu naa kɔkrit ƒe nuwuwu nyona wu, si ate ŋu aɖe ga si wozãna ɖe xɔtutu vɔ megbe dzi akpɔtɔ.

      - Akpa siwo le tsɛ wu ate ŋu ana anyigba ƒe blibomademade geɖe wu, si ana wòahiã be woawɔ patching kple finishing dɔ geɖe wu.

   2. Agbɔsɔsɔme ƒe nyateƒetoto:

      - Formwork si sesẽ wu, si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana woawɔ kɔnkrit ƒe akpa siwo sɔ pɛpɛpɛ wu, si ana be mahiã be woawɔ asitɔtrɔ alo gbugbɔgawɔ si xɔa ga geɖe o.

 

E. Ʋuɖoɖo kple nuwo ɖoɖoɖa ƒe gazazãwo:

   1. Gazazã ɖe agbalẽɖoɖoɖa ŋu:

      - Formwork si le kpekpem wu kpekpeme lolo wu, si ate ŋu ana ʋuɖoɖo ƒe gazazãwo nadzi ɖe edzi, vevietɔ na meliɖoɖo didiwo.

   2. Nuwo ɖoɖoɖa le teƒea:

      - Formwork si kpekpe wu ate ŋu abia be woawɔ dɔwɔnu siwo ŋu ŋusẽ le wu atsɔ awɔ nuwo ŋudɔ le teƒea, si akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe dɔwɔnuwo haya alo nuƒle ŋuti nyametsotsowo dzi.

 

F. Trɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu kple asitɔtrɔ le eŋu ƒe gazazãwo:

   1. Asitɔtrɔ siwo woawɔ le teƒea:

      - Zi geɖe la, formwork si le tsɛ wu la le bɔbɔe wu eye mexɔa ga geɖe be woatrɔ asi le eŋu le teƒea na dɔ siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu o.

      - Panel siwo le kpekpem wu ate ŋu abia dɔwɔnu tɔxɛ siwo wotsɔ lãa nu, si ana gazazãwo nadzi ɖe edzi ɖe tɔtrɔ siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu ŋu.

   2. Nu vovovowo wɔwɔ le dɔwo katã me:

      - Formwork ƒe titrime siwo woate ŋu azã le mɔ vovovowo nu wu siwo woate ŋu azã le dɔ vovovowo me ate ŋu ana ganyawo ƒe asixɔxɔ blibo si nyo wu na xɔtudɔwɔƒewo.

 

G. Nugblẽfexeɖoɖo kple agbanɔamedziwo ŋu bubu:

   1. Gazazã siwo ku ɖe dedienɔnɔ ŋu:

      - Formwork si sesẽ wu, si le kpekpem wu ate ŋu ana nugblẽfexexe dzi naɖe akpɔtɔ le esi afɔku si le formwork ƒe gbagbã me dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ta.

      - Agbanɔamedzi ƒe nya siwo ku ɖe nusiwo gblẽ ŋutɔŋutɔ alo xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe nyawo ŋu dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ si ate ŋu adzɔ.

 

H. Nutome kple nusiwo li tegbee:

   1. Nusiwo wotsɔ wɔe ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie:

      - Togbɔ be xɔtunu si le kpekpem wu zãa gakpo geɖe le gɔmedzedzea me hã la, eƒe agbenɔƒe didi ate ŋu ana woazã nu nyuie wu le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.

   2. Asixɔxɔ si le nusiwo wogbugbɔ zãna ŋu:

      - Zi geɖe la, gakpo siwo le kpekpem wu ƒe asixɔxɔ si le gakpo siwo wotsɔ ƒo ƒui ƒe asixɔxɔ de ŋgɔ wu le woƒe agbenɔƒe ƒe nuwuwu, si ate ŋu axe ga si wozã le gɔmedzedzea me la dometɔ aɖewo.

 

I. Ganyawo ŋuti nukpɔsusu siwo ku ɖe dɔa koŋ ŋu:

   1. Dɔ siwo wowɔna kabakaba:

      - Le dɔ siwo xɔa ɣeyiɣi me la, ŋutete si le xɔtunu si le kpekpem wu ŋu be wòate ŋu anɔ te ɖe tsi si kɔ ɖe eme ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ si lolo wu nu eye wòaɖe mɔ be woaɖee ɖa do ŋgɔ ate ŋu ana ganyawo naɖe vi geɖe.

   2. Xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu:

      - Le xɔ kɔkɔwo gome la, gazazã dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ tso tolili ƒe xɔtuɖoɖo si me xɔtunu siwo nɔa anyi didina, siwo le kpekpem wu le zazã me ate ŋu alolo ŋutɔ le dɔa ƒe agbenɔɣi.

   3. Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe dɔwo:

      - Xɔtuɖaŋudɔ gãwo ate ŋu aɖe vi le ganyawo gome ne wode ga asi na xɔtuɖaŋu siwo le nyonyome nyuie, siwo le kpekpem le wo zazã enuenu kple nudidi deŋgɔwo ta.

 

Ne xɔtudɔwɔƒewo bu ganyawo ƒe nɔnɔme siawo ŋu nyuie la, woate ŋu awɔ nyametsotso siwo ŋu wonya nu tsoe wu le gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ŋu. Zi geɖe la, tiatia nyuitɔ nɔa te ɖe ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ƒe gazazãwo kple ɣeyiɣi didi ƒe viɖewo dadasɔ dzi, eye woabu dɔ ɖesiaɖe ƒe nudidi tɔxɛwo kple mɔxenuwo ŋu. Zi geɖe la, gadede xɔtunu siwo ƒe nyonyome de ŋgɔ wu, siwo le kpekpem wu me ate ŋu ana woaɖe gazazã dzi akpɔtɔ ŋutɔ le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, vevietɔ na dɔwɔƒe siwo ƒe xɔtudɔwo le dzidzim ɖe edzi madzudzɔmadzudzɔe.

 

Le akpa mamlɛa me la, míaƒo nu tso nya vevi siwo ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe le nyatia katã me ŋu kpuie eye míana susu mamlɛawo le gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime nyuie wu hena dɔa ƒe dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ ŋu.

 

XIV. Nyanuwuwuw

 

Esi míele míaƒe numekuku blibo si ku ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ŋu le xɔtutu me nu wum la, eme kɔ ƒã be xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe akpa sia si dze abe ɖe wòle bɔbɔe ene la kpɔa ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe xɔtudɔ siwo ƒe lolome le vovovo dzi. Mina míagbugbɔ aƒo nu tso nya vevi siwo me míedzro ŋu eye míabu woƒe vevienyenye na xɔtudɔwɔƒea ŋu:

 

A. Gbugbɔ ƒo nu tso nya veviwo ŋu le gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime ŋu:

 

1. Afisi woate ŋu akpɔe le kple eƒe tɔtrɔ: Zi geɖe la, gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime nɔa 2mm va ɖo 8mm, eye titrime siwo bɔ wue nye 3-5mm na xɔtutu zazã le afisiafi.

 

2. Nusiwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe titrime tiatia dzi:

   - Dɔa ƒe xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe nudidiwo

   - Xɔtutu ƒomevi (le kpɔɖeŋu me, xɔ kɔkɔwo, tɔdzisasrãwo, dɔwɔƒewo) .

   - Agba kple nyaƒoɖeamenu siwo wokpɔ mɔ na

   - Gbugbɔgazã ƒe mɔkpɔkpɔwo

   - Dɔa ƒe gazazã kple ɣeyiɣi ƒe ɖoɖo

   - Nutome ƒe nɔnɔmewo

 

3. Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gɔmesese:

   - Zi geɖe la, formwork si le kpekpem wu naa ŋusẽ geɖe wu, nɔa anyi didina, eye wògazãnɛ ake.

   - Formwork si le tsɛ wu naa viɖewo le kpekpeme, eŋudɔwɔwɔ bɔbɔe, kple ga si wozãna le gɔmedzedzea me gome.

 

4. Ganyawo ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo:

   - Zi geɖe la, gadede gbãtɔ si lolo wu ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe wɔwɔme si le kpekpem wu ŋu hea gazazã dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ vɛ ɣeyiɣi didi to woƒe anyinɔnɔ didi kple wo gbugbɔgazã ƒe ŋutete si dzi ɖe edzi me.

   - Formwork si le tsɛ wu ate ŋu anye esi me ga mele o wu na dɔ suewo alo zi ɖeka ko.

 

5. Beléle na wo kple agbenɔƒe didi:

   - Titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe agbenɔƒe dzi vevie, eye zi geɖe la, xɔtunu siwo le kpekpem wu nɔa anyi didi wu eye mehiã beléle na wo edziedzi o.

 

6. Nu yeye siwo wowɔ le aɖaŋuwɔwɔ me:

   - Ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le gakpo ƒe akɔbliwo kple formwork ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ me le mɔ ɖem be woawɔ titrime kple ŋusẽ ƒe sɔsɔme nyuitɔ kekeake.

 

B. Tiatia nyuie kple eŋudɔwɔwɔ le xɔtutu me ƒe vevienyenye:

 

1. Kɔkrit si wowɔ vɔ ƒe nyonyome: Ga si wotsɔ wɔe ƒe titrime kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe kɔnkrit la ƒe nyonyome kple eƒe nuwuwu dzi tẽ, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe atsyɔ̃ɖoɖo kple xɔa ƒe blibonyenye siaa dzi.

 

2. Dɔa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie: Tiatia si sɔ ate ŋu ana xɔtudɔwo nanɔ bɔbɔe, si aɖe dɔwɔlawo ƒe gazazãwo kple dɔa ƒe ɣeyiɣiɖoɖowo dzi akpɔtɔ.

 

3. Dedienɔnɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo: Tiatia nyuitɔ ƒe titrime kpɔa egbɔ be xɔtunua te ŋu nɔa te ɖe kɔnkrit kɔklɔ kple xɔtugba bubuwo ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenuwo nu dedie.

 

4. Nusiwo li tegbee: Tiatia si sɔ nyuie le titrime ŋu kpena ɖe nuwo ŋudɔwɔwɔ nyuie ŋu eye wòɖea gbeɖuɖɔ dzi kpɔtɔna le ɣeyiɣi didi me.

 

5. Trɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu: Ne míese nusiwo xɔtunu ƒe titrime fia gɔme la, enaa woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe dɔa ƒe nudidi vovovowo kple teƒea ƒe nɔnɔmewo ŋu nyuie wu.

 

C. Susu mamlɛ siwo ku ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime ƒe nyonyome ŋu hena dɔa ƒe dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ:

 

1. Mɔnu blibo: Ne èle gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime tiam la, ele vevie ŋutɔ be nàbu xɔtunua ƒe agbenɔƒe bliboa kple ŋusẽ si wòkpɔna ɖe dɔa katã dzi ŋu, ke menye ga si woatsɔ awɔe le gɔmedzedzea me ɖeɖeko o.

 

2. Trɔ asi le nu ŋu: Egbɔkpɔnu ɖeka aɖeke meli si sɔ na amesiame o. Titrime nyuitɔ ate ŋu ato vovo le dɔ ɖeka gɔ̃ hã me, le xɔtunu tɔxɛwo kple woƒe nudidiwo nu.

 

3. Dadasɔ: Dze agbagba nàda asɔ le ga si nàzã do ŋgɔ, viɖe siwo nàkpɔ ɣeyiɣi didi, nuwɔwɔ bɔbɔe, kple dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nudidiwo dome ne èle formwork ƒe titrime tiam.

 

4. Etsɔme ƒe kpeɖodzi: Bu dɔ siwo nàwɔ le etsɔme kple alesi woate ŋu azãe ake ne èle ga dem gakpo ƒe xɔtunuwo me ŋu. Tiatia si le kpekpem vie ate ŋu ana woate ŋu azãe le mɔ vovovowo nu nyuie wu eye wòanɔ agbe didi.

 

5. Nyi edzi nànya: Nɔ nu yeye siwo wowɔ le gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe mɔ̃ɖaŋununya kple nuwo me ŋu, elabena ŋgɔyiyi siawo ate ŋu ana tiatia yeyewo nasu asiwò be nàna eƒe titrime kple eƒe dɔwɔwɔ nanyo ɖe edzi.

 

6. Nuwɔwɔ aduadu: Wɔ nu aduadu kplikplikpli le aɖaŋuwɔlawo, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo, kple ƒuƒoƒo siwo le teƒea dome be nàkpɔ egbɔ be nyametsotso siwo wowɔ le xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe titrime ŋu sɔ kple nukpɔsusu ƒe nudidiwo kple xɔtutu ƒe nyateƒe ŋutɔŋutɔwo siaa.

 

7. Dadakpɔ atraɖii: Da alesi xɔtunu vovovowo ƒe titrime wɔa dɔe kpɔ edziedzi le wò dɔwo me eye nàlɔ̃ faa atrɔ asi le mɔnuwo ŋu le xexeame ŋutɔŋutɔ me tsonuawo nu.

 

Le nyataƒoƒo me la, gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime nye nu vevi aɖe si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtudɔa ƒe akpa sia akpa kloe dzi. Tso aɖaŋuwɔwɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusu gbãtɔ dzi va ɖo ganyawo ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi siwo anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi dzi la, tiatia si woawɔ le xɔmenuwo ƒe titrime ŋu wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le dɔa ƒe dzidzedzekpɔkpɔ nyanya me. Ne xɔtudɔwɔlawo bu nusiwo ŋu míeƒo nu tsoe le nyati sia me ŋu nyuie eye wotsɔ susu si me kɔ, si bua ŋgɔgbe ŋu te ɖe xɔtuɖaŋu tiatia ŋu la, woate ŋu ana gakpo ƒe xɔtunu zazã nanyo ɖe edzi, si ana woakpɔ xɔtuɖaŋu siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu, siwo mexɔa ga geɖe o, eye woƒe nyonyome deŋgɔ.

 

Esi xɔtudɔwɔƒea yi edzi le ŋgɔ yim, esi wole gbe tem ɖe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, nusiwo li tegbee, kple xɔtuɖaŋu yeyewo dzi geɖe wu ta la, akpa si gakpo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu wɔna – kple eƒe titrime ƒe vevienyenye – akpɔtɔ anye nu vevi aɖe si ŋu xɔtudɔwɔlawo abu le xexeame katã. Ne xɔtulawo kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo bi ɖe gakpo ƒe xɔtunu ƒe titrime ƒe nu suesuesuewo me la, woate ŋu akpe asi ɖe xɔtuɖoɖowo ƒe ŋgɔyiyi ŋu ŋutɔ, eye woawɔ xɔ siwo menye ɖeko woli ke eye wonya kpɔ ko o, ke woate ŋu alé wo ɖe te le ganyawo kple nutome hã gome.