Nukae wozãna na kpe gbadzɛwo?

Kpɔkplɔyiɖeme

Kpe gbadzɛwo nye nu veviwo le xɔtuɖaŋudɔwo me, eye wonyea nu vevi aɖewo le xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe blibonyenye kple xɔtuɖaŋu vovovowo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Wonye xɔtunu siwo le tsia dzi koŋ siwo maa agbawo ɖe tsitrenu siwo le tsitrenu abe atikpowo, sɔtiwo, alo gliwo ene ŋu. Xɔtuɖaŋunyala bibi siwo le xɔtudɔwɔƒewo, kpakple agbalẽnyala siwo le xɔtuɖaŋu ŋuti numekula siwo le vevie dom nu le xɔtuɖaŋu ŋuti nunya me la gɔmesese le alesi wozãa xɔtunuwoe kple woƒe vevienyenye ŋu. Nu vevi siwo le kpe gbadzɛwo tutu me dometɔ ɖekae nye alesi wozãa... slab formwork , si wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le kɔnkrit la ƒe nɔnɔme kple eléle ɖe te me vaseɖe esime ŋusẽ nasu esi.

Slab Ƒomeviwo le Xɔtutu me

Slabwo le nɔnɔme vovovowo me, eye wowɔ wo dometɔ ɖesiaɖe be wòawɔ ɖe xɔtuɖaŋu kple xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe nudidi tɔxɛwo dzi. Woƒe ƒomevi vevitɔwoe nye kpe sesẽwo, kpe gbadzɛ siwo me do le, waffle-kpewo, kpe gbadzɛ siwo ŋu akɔta le, kple kpe gbadzɛ siwo le gbadzaa. Kpe sesẽwoe bɔ wu, eye wotsɔa kɔkrit si ƒe titrime sɔ eye wotsɔ gakpowo do ŋusẽe. Do siwo me do le ƒe kpe gbadzɛwo ɖea kpekpeme kple nuwo zazã dzi kpɔtɔna to dowo dede eme me, si wɔe be wosɔ nyuie na span didi siwo me agba si hiã dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ.

Waffle-kpe kple ribbed-kpewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo aɖe nyea atikpo siwo zɔna ɖe mɔ eve nu, si naa ŋusẽ kple sesẽme nɔa anyi esime wòɖea nuwo ƒe asi dzi kpɔtɔna. Kpe gbadzɛwo ɖea xɔtuɖaŋuwo ƒe hiahiã ɖa to mɔɖeɖe be kpe gbadzɛa nɔa sɔtiwo dzi tẽ, si wɔnɛ be xɔa tutu kabakaba wu eye wònaa woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe xɔtuɖaŋu ŋu. Slab ƒomevi tiatia nɔ te ɖe nusiwo abe agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe nudidiwo, span ƒe didime, nusiwo li, kple xɔtutumɔnu dzi.

Slabs ƒe Dɔwɔwɔwo Kple Wo Zazã

Kpekpeɖeŋunana le Dɔwɔɖoɖowo Ŋu

Kpe gbadzɛwo naa xɔtuɖoɖoa nɔa te to agba siwo le tsitrenu mama tso xɔmenuwo, dɔwɔnuwo, amesiwo le eme, kple xɔtunua ŋutɔ ƒe kpekpeme gbɔ va ɖoa xɔtunu siwo léa wo ɖe te kple sɔtiwo gbɔ. Wotrɔ asi le wo ŋu be woatsi tre ɖe bending moments kple shear forces ŋu, si ana xɔa nali ke. Le xɔ siwo nye dziƒoxɔ geɖe me la, kpe gbadzɛwo wɔa dɔ abe ʋuƒo siwo tsɔa agba siwo le axadzi le ya alo anyigbaʋuʋu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ta yia xɔtunu siwo le tsitrenu la gbɔ ene.

Anyigba Kple Dzisasrã ƒe Ðoɖowo

Tsɔ kpe ɖe xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe akpa siwo wowɔna ŋu la, kpe gbadzɛwo nyea anyigba kple dzisasrã le xɔwo me. Wonaa anyigba gbadza siwo sɔ na anyigba ƒe nuwuwu vovovowo eye wodoa alɔ ememe mamawo kple nusiwo wotsɔ léa nu ɖe ​​te. Zi geɖe la, kpe gbadzɛwo ƒe akpa si le ete wɔa dɔ abe dzisasrã ene na dzisasrã siwo le anyime, afisi woate ŋu awɔ atsyɔ̃ɖoɖo ƒe atikewo le hena xɔmenuwo ƒe nɔnɔmewɔwɔ.

Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe Agbɔsɔsɔme Kple Ŋusẽzazã Nyuie

Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe agbɔsɔsɔ gã aɖe le kɔkrit-kpewo ŋu, si wɔnɛ be wote ŋu xɔa dzoxɔxɔ, dzraa wo ɖo, eye woɖea wo ɖa vivivi. Nɔnɔme sia nana xɔwo ƒe ŋusẽzazã nyuie nyona ɖe edzi to xɔme ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si li ke me, si wɔnɛ be dzoxɔxɔ kple fafa si wowɔ kple asi ƒe hiahiã dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna. Ne wotsɔ kpe gbadzɛwo de xɔtuɖaŋu siwo li tegbee me la, enaa ŋusẽzazã dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna eye wònaa xɔa me nɔlawo ƒe akɔfafa nyona ɖe edzi.

Dzo ƒe Tsitretsitsi Kple Gbeɖiɖi ƒe Dɔwɔwɔ

Le woƒe nɔnɔme si mexɔ dzo o ta la, kɔkrit-kpewo te ŋu nɔa te ɖe dzo nu nyuie, si naa dedienɔnɔ ƒe viɖewo le xɔa ƒe nɔnɔmewɔwɔ me. Woate ŋu ado dzi le dzoxɔxɔ sesẽwo me evɔ womabu xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe blibonyenye boo o, eye woléa agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutete me ɖe asi le dzobibi me. Gawu la, kpe gbadzɛwo kpena ɖe gbeɖiɖi ƒe ʋuʋu le anyigba dome, si wɔnɛ be gbeɖiɖi ƒe kaka dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna eye wònaa ame ŋutɔ ƒe nyawo nɔa xɔ siwo le dziƒoxɔ geɖe me me.

Akpa si Slab Formwork wɔna le Xɔtutu me

Kpe gbadzɛwo tutu nɔ te ɖe xɔmenuwo zazã dzi vevie. Slab formwork ye naa ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ƒe aŋenu siwo me wokɔa kɔkrit ɖo, eye wòtrɔa asi le eŋu vaseɖe esime ŋusẽ nasu esi wòate ŋu alé eɖokui ɖe te. Formwork ƒe nyonyome kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtuɖoɖo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, dedienɔnɔ, kple kɔkrit-gbadzɛa ƒe nuwuwu dzi tẽ.

Ele be woatrɔ asi le xɔmenuwo ŋu be wòate ŋu anɔ te ɖe kɔkrit xɔdzo, xɔtutu ƒe agba, kple nutome ƒe kpekpeme nu evɔ womatrɔ alo atrɔ akpa o. Nu yeye siwo wowɔ le xɔtunu siwo wotsɔ wɔa xɔtunu, abe ati, gakpo, aluminum, kple plastik ene me na be wowɔa dɔ nyuie wu eye wole dedie wu le kpe gbadzɛwo tutu me. Viɖe vovovowo le nu ɖesiaɖe ŋu le kpekpeme, eƒe anyinɔnɔ, kple eƒoƒoƒu bɔbɔe gome, si kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe tiatia si wotu ɖe dɔa koŋ ƒe nudidiwo dzi dzi.

Nu yeye siwo wowɔ le Slab Xɔtumɔnu Me

Prefabrication kple Precast Slabs

Slab-ɖoɖo siwo wowɔ do ŋgɔ bia be woawɔ slab ƒe akpa siwo le teƒe bubu le teƒe siwo dzi wokpɔna, eye emegbe wotsɔa wo yia teƒea hedea wo teƒea. Mɔnu sia naa nuwo ƒe nyonyome dzi kpɔkpɔ nyona ɖe edzi, eɖea dɔwɔlawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le teƒea dzi kpɔtɔna, eye wònaa xɔtuɖoɖowo wɔa dɔ kabakaba. Woate ŋu ade xɔtunu siwo wowɔ do ŋgɔ ƒe mɔnuwo eme be woatsɔ ana agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutete kple span ƒe didime nanyo ɖe edzi, si ana egbɔkpɔnu nyuiwo na dɔ gãwo wɔwɔ.

Slabs Siwo Wotsɔ Tensione Le Emegbe

Post-tensioning naa gakpo ƒe lãkusi siwo te ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu va nɔa kɔkrit-gbadzɛa me ne eɖoe vɔ, si tsia tre ɖe tensile ƒe nuteɖeamedziwo ŋu eye wòɖea gbagbã dzi kpɔtɔna. Mɔnu sia wɔnɛ be woate ŋu awɔ kpe gbadzɛ siwo le tsɛ wu siwo ƒe didime didi wu eye sɔti ʋɛ aɖewo koe le wo ŋu, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu azã teƒe nyuie wu le asitsaxɔwo kple aƒewo me. Kpe gbadzɛ siwo wote ɖe wo nɔewo megbe la bia mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔwɔ pɛpɛpɛ kple xɔtutumɔnu tɔxɛwo be woakpɔ egbɔ be xɔtunuwo le blibo.

Slabs Siwo Wowɔ Ðekae

Kpe gbadzɛ siwo wotsɔ nu vovovowo wɔe la tsɔa gakpo ƒe xɔmenuwo tsakana kple kɔnkrit tsɔ wɔa xɔtunu si wɔ ɖeka. Ga si wotsɔ wɔe la wɔa dɔ abe xɔtunu si nɔa anyi ɖaa ene kple nusi doa ŋusẽe be wòate ŋu aʋuʋui, evɔ kɔnkrit ya naa ŋusẽ si woate ŋu aƒoe. Nu sia ƒokpli nana agbatsɔtsɔ ƒe ŋutetewo nyona ɖe edzi eye wònana xɔtutua nɔa bɔbɔe. Kpe gbadzɛ siwo wotsɔ gakpo wɔe bɔ ɖe xɔ siwo wotsɔ gakpo wɔe me, si doa xɔtutu kabakaba kple nuwo zazã nyuie ɖe ŋgɔ.

Nudzɔdzɔwo Ŋuti Numekuku Kple Wo Ŋudɔwɔwɔ Nyuie

Xɔ Kɔkɔwo

Le xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu me la, kpe gbadzɛwo le vevie ŋutɔ na anyigbadziɖoɖowo, si wɔnɛ be wowɔa nuƒolanɔƒe siwo le tsia dzi siwo wòle be woalé agba gãwo ɖe te. Slab ƒomevi kple xɔtutumɔnu tiatia kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ bliboa dzi. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, zi geɖe la, wozãa kpe gbadzɛwo tsɔ ɖea anyigba vaseɖe anyigba ƒe kɔkɔme dzi kpɔtɔna eye wowɔa xɔtuɖaŋu sesẽwo. Deŋgɔwo zazã slab formwork systems na woate ŋu awɔ xɔtutudɔ nyuie eye wòanɔ dedie le kɔkɔƒe gãwo.

Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe Dɔwɔƒewo

Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe xɔwo hiã kpe gbadzɛ siwo ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe mɔ̃wo ƒe agba kpekpewo kple ŋusẽ sesẽwo nu. Kpe sesẽ siwo le ɣie alo waffle-gbadzɛ siwo ŋu wodo ŋusẽe bɔ, si naa ŋusẽ si hiã eye wònɔa anyi didina. Ele be aɖaŋua nabu nusiwo le abe alesi wòate ŋu adze nu dzii, ʋuʋudedi dzi ɖuɖu, kple alesi wòanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi le dɔwɔwɔ ƒe nuteɖeamedziwo te ene ŋu.

Xɔ Siwo Me Wonɔna

Le aƒewo tutu me la, kpe gbadzɛwo nyea gɔmeɖoanyi (slab-on-grade), anyigba, kple xɔtaxɔwo. Gɔmeɖoanyi siwo wotsɔ kpe gbadzɛwo wɔe nyea egbɔkpɔnu si mexɔ asi o na ƒome ɖeka ƒe aƒewo, si naa liƒo kple ametakpɔkpɔ tso anyigba ƒe ʋuʋu me. Wozãa kpe gbadzɛ siwo wotsɔ ƒo xlãe le dziƒoxɔ geɖe me, si bia be woabu agbawo mama kple gbeɖiɖi ƒe vovototodedeameme le xɔwo dome ŋu nyuie.

Kuxi siwo le Slab Xɔtutu me

Slab tutu hea kuxi geɖe vɛ siwo gbɔ wòle be woakpɔ to ɖoɖowɔwɔ nyuie kple wo dzi wɔwɔ me. Esiawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye be woakpɔ egbɔ be kɔkrit la le dzo dam nyuie, woakpɔ alesi wòatrɔ le agba te dzi, woaxe mɔ ɖe gbagbã nu le esi wòte ɖe edzi alo dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedziwo ta, eye woawɔ ʋuʋu na dɔwo evɔ womagblẽ xɔa ƒe blibonyenye me o. Tiatia kple edziwɔwɔ si sɔ slab formwork le vevie ŋutɔ le kuxi siawo dzi ɖuɖu me.

Nutome ƒe nɔnɔmewo, abe dzoxɔxɔ kple fafa ene, ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe dɔyɔyɔ kple ŋusẽdodo dzi. Ele be afɔɖeɖe siwo woawɔ atsɔ aɖe nu gbegblẽ siwo dona tso eme dzi akpɔtɔ nanɔ xɔtutumɔnuawo me, abe atike siwo da gbe le ame ŋu zazã alo asitɔtrɔ le nusiwo wotsɔ tsakae ƒe nɔnɔmewo ŋu ene. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, nuwɔwɔ aduadu le nusɔsrɔ̃ vovovowo dome—xɔtuɖaŋu, xɔtuɖaŋu, mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwo—le vevie be woatsɔ kpe gbadzɛwo tutu awɔ ɖeka kple xɔtuɖoɖo bubuwo nyuie.

Ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le Slab Design kple Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya me

Ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ nyitsɔ laa le nuwo ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya kple mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwo me na woto kɔkrit tsakatsaka siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie vɛ, eye wotsɔ nusiwo wotsɔ tsakae siwo nana ŋusẽ, nɔa anyi didina, kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie wu la dea eme. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, kɔkrit si te ŋu ƒoa eɖokui nu ƒu la sina le eƒe kpekpeme te, eye wòyɔa xɔmenuwo me evɔ mehiã be woatsɔ mɔ̃ aʋuʋui o, si ɖea vi le kpe gbadzɛwo ƒe nɔnɔmetata siwo sesẽ me.

Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya si nye Building Information Modeling (BIM) trɔ asi le kpe gbadzɛwo ƒe nɔnɔme kple wo tutu ŋu. BIM na be woate ŋu awɔ 3D ƒe kpɔɖeŋu tsitotsito le slab systems ŋu, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu ade dzesi dzrewɔwɔ, agbɔsɔsɔme ƒe akɔntabubu, kple nuwɔwɔ aduadu le amesiwo kpɔ gome le eme dome. Enaa wowɔa nu pɛpɛpɛ le ewɔwɔ kple eɖoɖo me, si wɔnɛ be vodadawo kple wo gbugbɔgawɔ dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna.

Gawu la, sensorwo kple ŋkuléleɖenuŋu ƒe ɖoɖowo ƒe ƒoƒo ƒu ɖekae le slabwo me ɖea mɔ be woaƒo nyatakakawo nu ƒu le ɣeyiɣi ŋutɔŋutɔ me le parameters abe strain, temperature, kple deflection ene ŋu. Nyatakaka sia kpena ɖe xɔa ƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe, naa nyanya beléle na xɔa ƒe mɔnuwo, eye wòdidia xɔa ƒe agbenɔƒe ɖe edzi.

Nutome Ŋuti Nukpɔsusuwo

Xɔtudɔwɔƒewo le susu hem yi nusiwo anɔ anyi ɖaa dzi geɖe wu, si na wova le nuwɔna siwo me gblẽa nu le nutome ŋu o le xɔtuɖaŋuwo tutu me. Esia lɔ nusiwo wogbugbɔ zã, abe fly ash alo slag ene, zazã le kɔnkrit tsakatsaka me ɖe eme be woaɖe siminti zazã dzi akpɔtɔ eye woaɖe carbon ƒe dodo dzi akpɔtɔ. Tsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu la, kpe gbadzɛwo ƒe nɔnɔme nyuitɔ wɔwɔ be woaɖe nuwo zazã dzi akpɔtɔ evɔ womagblẽ dɔwɔwɔ me o kpena ɖe nutome takpɔkpɔ ŋu.

Wotsɔa kpe gbadzɛ siwo ŋu wotrɔ asi le be woalé numiemiewo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ɖe te la dea xɔtaxɔ damawo me, si wɔnɛ be nusiwo xea mɔ na ya ƒe dzoxɔxɔ nanyo ɖe edzi eye wòɖea dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ƒukpo siwo le dugãwo me dzi kpɔtɔna. Nuɖoanyi siawo bia be woaku xɔtuɖoɖowo me nyuie be woate ŋu awɔ ɖe agba bubu siwo kpena ɖe wo ŋu kple tsidzadza si do ƒome kple numiemiewo ƒe tsitsi kple wo dzi kpɔkpɔ ŋu.

Dedienɔnɔ Kple Eƒe Nyonyome Dzi Kpɔkpɔ le Slab Xɔtutu me

Dɔwɔlawo ƒe dedienɔnɔ dzi kpɔkpɔ le kpe gbadzɛwo tutu me nye nu vevitɔ kekeake. Esia bia be woawɔ xɔtuɖaŋua ƒe afɔtiwo kple wo ƒoƒo ɖe wo ŋu nyuie, woawɔ ɖe agba ƒe seɖoƒewo dzi, eye woawɔ ɖe ɖoɖo siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu dzi. Afɔɖeɖe siwo woawɔ atsɔ akpɔ eƒe nyonyome dzi, abe kɔkrit ƒe ŋusẽ dodokpɔ kple xɔmenuwo me toto ene, le vevie ŋutɔ be woatsɔ akpɔe ɖa be wowɔ ɖe aɖaŋu ƒe nɔnɔmewo dzi hã.

Hehenana kple dɔwɔlawo ƒe ŋutete wɔa akpa vevi aɖe le kpe gbadzɛwo tutu dzidzedzetɔe me. Dɔwɔla bibiwo le dzadzraɖoɖi nyuie wu be woate ŋu akpɔ xɔtuɖaŋu sesẽwo gbɔ, ase mɔɖeɖe ɖe nu ŋu gɔme, eye woawɔ nu ɖe ​​teƒea ƒe nɔnɔme siwo womele mɔ kpɔm na o ŋu nyuie. Hehenana si yia edzi tso mɔ̃ɖaŋununya yeyewo kple dedienɔnɔ ƒe ɖoɖowo ŋu doa dɔa me tsonu bliboa ɖe ŋgɔ.

Nyanuwuwuw

Le nyataƒoƒo me la, xɔtuɖaŋuwo nye nu vevi aɖe le xɔ ƒomevi vovovowo ƒe xɔtuɖoɖo me, wowɔa akpa veviwo le agbawo mama, xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ, kple nutome ƒe dɔwɔwɔ me. Deŋgɔwo zazã slab formwork mɔ̃ɖaŋununyawo nana xɔtutu ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nyuie, dedienɔnɔ, kple eƒe nyonyome nyona ɖe edzi. Esi xɔtudɔwɔƒea le ŋgɔ yim la, xɔtuɖaŋu yeyewo kple mɔnu siwo woatsɔ atu xɔtunuwoe la xɔxɔ anye nu vevi aɖe le egbegbe xɔtuɖaŋu kple ŋgɔyiyi si li tegbee ƒe didiwo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ me.

Numekuku kple ŋgɔyiyi si woayi edzi le slab mɔ̃ɖaŋununyawo me, si me nuwo ŋuti dzɔdzɔmeŋutinunya ƒe ŋgɔyiyiwo kple dijitaal aɖaŋudɔwɔnuwo hã le, ana ŋgɔyiyi le go sia me. Mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo, xɔtuɖaŋunyalawo, kontraktɔ, kple nuwo dzralawo ƒe nuwɔwɔ aduadu le vevie ŋutɔ be woawɔ slab-ɖoɖowo wòanyo wu be woate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie, woagazã ga geɖe o, eye woakpɔ nutome dzi. Slab xɔtutu ƒe etsɔme do ŋugbe be anye ŋusẽtɔ eye wòawɔ nu ɖe ​​kuxi kple mɔnukpɔkpɔ siwo nuto si wotu la ahe vɛ ŋu.