Ðe atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo nyo wu plywood ƒe nɔnɔmetatawoa?

I. Ŋgɔdonya

   

Xɔtuɖaŋu nye nu vevi aɖe le xɔtudɔwɔƒewo, eye wònyea ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ƒe aŋenu si me wokɔa kɔkrit ɖe eme hewɔnɛ. Nusiwo woatsɔ awɔ xɔtuɖaŋuwo tiatia kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔtudɔwo ƒe nyonyome, gazazã, kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie dzi vevie. Le nu vovovo siwo li dome la, ati kple plywood nye tiatia eve siwo ame geɖe zãna le dɔwɔƒea ŋutɔ. Nyati sia ƒe taɖodzinue nye be yeatsɔ atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo kple plywood ƒe xɔtunuwo asɔ kple wo nɔewo, alé ŋku ɖe woƒe nɔnɔmewo, viɖe siwo le wo ŋu, kple woƒe kuxiwo ŋu be woanya esiwo ate ŋu anye tiatia nyuitɔ na xɔtuɖaŋu vovovowo.

 

II. Atiwo ƒe Nɔnɔme Ŋuti Nyatakaka Kpuie

 

A. Gɔmeɖeɖe kple hakpakpa

 

Atiwo ƒe nɔnɔme fia atiwo alo ʋuƒo zazã abe ɣeyiɣi kpui aɖe ƒe xɔtunuwo ene be woatsɔ alé kɔkrit xɔdzoa ɖe te ahawɔ eƒe nɔnɔme vaseɖe esime wòasesẽ. Zi geɖe la, wotsɔa ati falɛfalɛ ƒomeviwo abe pine, fir, alo spruce ene wɔae le woƒe anyinɔnɔ, dɔwɔwɔ, kple gazazã nyuie ta. Nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa atiwo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

 

1. Sheeting alo form face: Anyigba si ka kɔkrit la tẽ, si zi geɖe la, wotsɔa atiwo ƒe ʋuƒo siwo wodo awu na.

2. Studs kple wales: Kpekpeɖeŋunu siwo le tsia dzi kple esiwo le tsitrenu siwo naa nɔnɔmea sesẽna.

3. Kadodowo kple nusiwo kakaa nu: Nusiwo léa xɔtunua ƒe mo siwo tsi tre ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu le kɔnkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu nu.

4. Braces: Diagonal members siwo léa formwork la ƒe ɖoɖo kple plumbness me ɖe asi.

 

Ele be woatsɔ nuɖuɖuvivinu aɖo ati siwo wozãna le xɔmenuwo me ŋu be woagatrɔ o eye woagatrɔ o, eye zi geɖe la, wotsɔa ami si wotsɔna ƒoa atiwoe wɔa dɔe be tsi nagaxɔ wo o eye wòana woaɖe wo ɖa bɔbɔe.

 

B. Ŋutinya me zazã le xɔtutu me

 

Atiwo zazã le xɔtutu me dze egɔme ƒe akpe geɖe, eye atiwo ƒe nɔnɔmewɔwɔ nye mɔnu gbãtɔ siwo wozãna tsɔ trɔa asi le kɔkrit xɔwo ŋu la dometɔ ɖeka:

 

1. Blema Romatɔwo ƒe ɣeyiɣi: Romatɔwo zãa atiwo le woƒe kɔkrit xɔwo me, eye wo dometɔ aɖee nye Pantheon ƒe dome tutu le ƒe 126 M.Ŋ.

2. Titinaɣeyiɣiwo: Woyi edzi zã atiwo le mɔ̃ sesẽwo, sɔlemexɔ gãwo, kple kpexɔ bubu siwo me wozãa aŋɔ le la tutu me.

3. Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe Tɔtrɔ: Esi egbegbe Portland siminti va le ƒe alafa 19 lia me la, atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo va le vevie ŋutɔ le xɔtudɔwɔƒe si le ta kekem kabakaba la me.

4. Ƒe alafa 20 lia: Atiwo gakpɔtɔ nye xɔtunu vevitɔ le ƒe alafa 20 lia ƒe akpa gãtɔ me, vevietɔ le xɔtudɔ suewo me.

5. Fifia: Togbɔ be woto nu yeyewo vɛ hã la, wogale atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo zãm le afisiafi, vevietɔ le aƒewo tutu kple teƒe siwo atiwo bɔ ɖo eye womexɔa ga geɖe o.

 

Woate ŋu agblɔ be alesi wozãa atiwo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo ɖaa le ŋutinya katã me tso alesi woate ŋu azãe le mɔ vovovowo nu, alesi woate ŋu akpɔe le nutoa me le nuto geɖe me, kple alesi woate ŋu awɔ dɔe bɔbɔe to dɔwɔnu bɔbɔewo zazã me gbɔ.

 

III. Plywood Formwork ƒe Kpɔɖeŋu

 

A. Gɔmeɖeɖe kple hakpakpa

 

Plywood-mɔ̃ nye egbegbe mɔnu bubu si wotsɔ ɖɔa ati siwo wotsɔa ati wɔe tsã, si nye ati siwo ŋu wotrɔ asi le siwo wotsɔ ati ƒe ʋuƒo tsɛwo (plies) siwo wotsɔ nulénu sesẽwo bla ɖekae. Nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa plywood-mɔ̃a dometɔ aɖewoe nye:

 

1. Mo ƒe nutrenu: Gotagome ƒuƒoƒoawo, zi geɖe la, wotsɔa ati si ƒe nyonyome de ŋgɔ wu wɔe be wòadze nyuie wu eye wòanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi.

2. Core veneers: Ememe ƒuƒoƒo siwo naa ŋusẽ kple liƒo.

3. Nusi léna ɖe nu ŋu: Zi geɖe la, enyea aŋe si me tsi mate ŋu age ɖo o si blaa ƒuƒoƒoawo ɖekae le dzoxɔxɔ kple nyaƒoɖeamenu me.

4. Goawo: Zi geɖe la, wotrea wo nu be tsi nagage ɖe eme o.

5. Atikewɔwɔ ɖe anyigba dzi: Ate ŋu anye nusiwo woatsɔ atsyɔ nu dzi alo atsyɔ nu dzi be wòana wòanɔ anyi eteƒe nadidi eye kɔnkrit ƒe nuwuwu ƒe nyonyome nanyo ɖe edzi.

 

Zi geɖe la, wowɔa plywood na formwork le lolome siwo sɔ me, eye woƒe titrime tso 12mm va ɖo 25mm, le alesi wozãe nu. Wo dometɔ siwo wozãna wue nye:

 

- Ati falɛfalɛ plywood: Wotsɔ pine alo fir wɔe, exɔa ga geɖe gake menɔa anyi didina o.

- Ati sesẽ plywood: Wotsɔ ati sesẽ siwo le teƒe xɔdzowo wɔe, exɔ asi wu gake enɔa anyi didina wu eye tsi mate ŋu age ɖe eme o.

- Combi plywood: Eƒoa ati sesẽ mo veneer kple ati falɛfalɛ ƒe nuto, si da sɔ le gazazã kple dɔwɔwɔ me.

 

B. Xɔtudɔwɔƒewo ƒe ŋgɔdonya

 

Woto plywood-mɔ̃wo vɛ le xɔtudɔwɔƒewo le ƒe alafa 20 lia ƒe domedome eye wòxɔ ŋkɔ kabakaba le viɖe siwo le eŋu wu ati xoxowo ta:

 

1. Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe dzidziɖedzi le Xexemeʋa II megbe: Alesi wòhiã be woazã xɔtumɔnu siwo wɔa dɔ kabakaba wu, siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu la na wova zã plywood-mɔ̃wo le ƒe 1950 kple 1960-awo me.

2. Dzesidede: Plywood ƒe lolome kple nɔnɔme siwo sɔ la ɖe mɔ be woate ŋu awɔ xɔtunu ƒe nɔnɔme siwo sɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu wu eye woawɔe do ŋgɔ.

3. Xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu: Alesi plywood ƒe ŋusẽ kple eƒe wɔwɔme dzi ɖe edzi na wòsɔ na xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu koŋ.

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5. Nuwɔna siwo li tegbee: Esi xɔtudɔwɔƒewo va nɔ nu tsim ɖe nutome ŋu geɖe wu la, alesi woate ŋu azã plywood-mɔ̃wo ake la va zu nusi hea amewo.

 

Plywood-mɔ̃wo zazã kpɔ ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe xɔtudɔwɔƒewo dzi to:

 

- Xɔtutu ƒe duƒuƒu kple dɔwɔwɔ nyuie dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ

- Kɔkrit ƒe anyigba ƒe nyonyome kple eƒe wɔwɔme ƒe nyonyome

- Dɔwɔlawo ƒe gazazãwo dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ to wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ kple wo ƒoƒo ƒu bɔbɔe me

- Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe nɔnɔmetata siwo sesẽ wu ƒe ŋutete nana

- Xɔtuɖoɖo siwo li tegbee wu dodo ɖe ŋgɔ to wo zazã ake ƒe dzidziɖedzi me

 

Egbea la, wozãa plywood-mɔ̃wo geɖe le xɔtudɔ vovovowo me, tso aƒewo tutu dzi va ɖo asitsatsa kple xɔtuɖaŋudɔwo dzi. Eƒe xɔxlɔ̃ yi edzi le dzidzim ɖe edzi, vevietɔ le nuto siwo me xɔtudɔwɔƒe deŋgɔwo le eye wotsɔa xɔtuɖaŋu deŋgɔwo ɖoa nɔƒe gbãtɔ le.

 

IV. Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe Nɔnɔmewo Tsɔtsɔ Sɔ Kple Wo Nɔewo

 

A. Kpekpeme

1. Atiwo ƒe xɔtunu: Zi geɖe la, woƒe kpekpeme nɔa bɔbɔe, si wɔnɛ be wo ŋudɔwɔwɔ kple wo tsɔtsɔ yi teƒeteƒewo nɔa bɔbɔe.

2. Plywood-ti ƒe nɔnɔmetata: Togbɔ be eƒe kpekpeme hã le bɔbɔe hã la, ate ŋu alolo vie wu ati, vevietɔ ne èle ati siwo le kpekpem wu zãm be ŋusẽ nadzi ɖe edzi.

 

B. Ŋusẽ kple alesi wònɔa anyi didina

Plywood-mɔ̃ si wotsɔa aŋe wɔe la nɔa anyi didina wu ati-ti-mɔ̃. Eƒe wɔwɔme si wotsɔ atitsoga wɔe la naa ŋusẽ geɖe wu eye wòte ŋu nɔa te ɖe ʋuʋudedi nu. Togbɔ be atiwo ƒe xɔtunu sesẽ hã la, ate ŋu agblẽ bɔbɔe wu le wo zazã enuenu kple nutome ƒe nɔnɔmewo ta.

 

C. Trɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔme vovovowo ŋu kple tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔme vovovowo ŋu

Atiwo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo naa woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu nyuie ŋutɔ, si wɔnɛ be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le wo ŋu bɔbɔe le teƒea be woasɔ ɖe nɔnɔme kple lolome vovovowo nu. Togbɔ be plywood-mɔ̃wo mete ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe wu atiwo o hã la, egate ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu nyuie eye woate ŋu azãe na anyigba siwo woƒo xlãe ne wodzrae ɖo nyuie.

 

V. Dɔwɔwɔ le Xɔtuɖaŋu me

 

A. Ezazã kple eɖoɖo bɔbɔe

Ati kple plywood ƒe xɔmenuwo siaa ŋudɔwɔwɔ kple wo dede le bɔbɔe vie. Alesi atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe kpekpeme mele bɔbɔe o na be woate ŋu atrɔ asi le eŋu bɔbɔe ŋutɔ, evɔ plywood ƒe lolome kple nɔnɔme si sɔ ate ŋu ana woaƒo wo nu ƒu kabakaba wu.

 

B. Anyigba ƒe nuwuwu ƒe nyonyome

Zi geɖe la, plywood-mɔ̃wo naa kɔkrit ƒe anyigba si le gbadzaa wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo. Esia tso eƒe anyigba si le ɖeka wu kple ƒunukpeƒe ʋɛ aɖewo gbɔ. Gake atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo ate ŋu akpɔ nu nyuie kokoko ne wodzrae ɖo nyuie helé be nɛ.

 

C. Ŋutete si le ame si be wòanɔ te ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu nu

Zi geɖe la, ŋutete si lolo wu le plywood-mɔ̃a ŋu be wòanɔ te ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu nu le eƒe wɔwɔme si ŋu wotrɔ asi le ta. Atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo hã ate ŋu anɔ te ɖe nyaƒoɖeamenu gã aɖe nu gake ate ŋu abia be woatsɔ wo ablae alo akpe ɖe wo ŋu geɖe wu le go aɖewo me.

 

D. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe nɔnɔmewo kple ŋusẽ si wòkpɔna ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe dɔyɔyɔ dzi

Atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe dzoxɔxɔ xea mɔ na dzoxɔxɔ nyuie wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple plywood. Esia ate ŋu aɖe vi le yame ƒe fafa me elabena ekpena ɖe ame ŋu be dzoxɔxɔ si bu kabakaba tso kɔkrit la me le eƒe ƒoƒo me, si ate ŋu ana kɔnkrit nasẽ wu.

 

VI. Ganyawo ƒe Nɔnɔmewo

 

A. Gazazã ƒe tsɔtsɔ sɔ kple wo nɔewo le gɔmedzedzea me

Zi geɖe la, atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo ƒe asi bɔbɔna le gɔmedzedzea me ne wotsɔe sɔ kple plywood ƒe xɔtunuwo. Gake vovototo si le gazazã me ate ŋu ato vovo le alesi woate ŋu akpɔe le nutoa me kple asi ƒe nɔnɔmewo nu.

 

B. Gazazã ake kple agbenɔƒe

Zi geɖe la, plywood-mɔ̃ si wotsɔa aŋe wɔe la nɔa anyi didi wu eye woate ŋu azãe ake zi gbɔ zi geɖe wu ati siwo wotsɔ wɔa aŋenuwoe. Esia ate ŋu axe ga si wòzã le gɔmedzedzea me si lolo wu le dɔ geɖe wɔwɔ me.

 

C. Beléle na xɔa ƒe nudidiwo

Zi geɖe la, atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo hiã beléle geɖe wu, siwo dometɔ aɖewoe nye wo ŋu kɔklɔ edziedzi, amisisi, kple wo dzadzraɖo si woate ŋu awɔ. Zi geɖe la, mehiã beléle boo aɖeke na plywood-mɔ̃wo o gake egahiã beléle nyuie kokoko be wòanɔ anyi didi wu.

 

D. Agbenɔƒe ƒe Gazazã (LCC) me dzodzro

Ne míebu ga si woatsɔ awɔ agbenɔƒe bliboa ŋu, si me nuƒle gbãtɔ, wo gbugbɔgazã, beléle na wo, kple wo tsɔtsɔ ƒu gbe hã le la, zi geɖe la, plywood-mɔ̃wo ɖenɛ fiana be ga megazãa ga geɖe wu le ɣeyiɣi didi aɖe megbe. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, numekuku aɖe si wowɔ le Malaysia ɖee fia be LCC si le plywood formwork (RM1348.80) me la le ʋɛ ŋutɔ wu timber formwork (RM2422.95) tɔ.

 

VII. Nutome Ŋuti Nukpɔsusuwo

 

A. Atiwo ƒe anyinɔnɔ tegbee vs. plywood wɔwɔ

Atiwo kple plywood siaa tsoa nusiwo woate ŋu awɔ yeyee me. Gake zi geɖe la, plywood wɔwɔ bia be woatrɔ asi le wo ŋu geɖe wu, si ate ŋu ana eƒe afɔɖoƒe nadzi ɖe edzi le nutome.

 

B. Nusiwo woate ŋu azã ake kple gbeɖuɖɔwo wɔwɔ

Woate ŋu agbugbɔ atiwo awɔ bɔbɔe wu eye woate ŋu agblẽ nu le nugbagbewo ŋu. Plywood, le eƒe nulénu ta la, ate ŋu asesẽ wu be woagbugbɔ awɔ dɔ gake megblẽa nu boo aɖeke le eƒe agbenɔƒe didi o me.

 

C. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe nutome ŋu le eŋudɔwɔwɔ kple etsɔtsɔ ƒu gbe me

Atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe nutome dzi le wo zazã me le eƒe dzɔdzɔmenunɔamesiwo ta. Gake eƒe agbenɔƒe kpuitɔ fia be woatsɔe aƒu gbe enuenu. Plywood ƒe agbenɔƒe didi ate ŋu aɖe gbeɖuɖɔ bliboa dzi akpɔtɔ le ɣeyiɣi aɖe megbe.

 

VIII. Viɖe Siwo Le Atiwo ƒe Nɔnɔmewɔwɔ Ŋu

 

A. Trɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu kple tɔtrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu

Atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe ŋutɔ eye woate ŋu atso wo ahawɔ woƒe nɔnɔme bɔbɔe le teƒea be woasɔ ɖe aɖaŋu vovovowo kple xɔtuɖaŋu vovovowo nu.

 

B. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tenɔnɔ ɖe nɔnɔme sesẽwo nu

Atiwo te ŋu nɔa te ɖe dzoxɔxɔ nu ŋutɔ, si ate ŋu akpe ɖe ame ŋu be kɔnkrit ƒe gbegblẽ le yame ƒe fafa me to dzoxɔxɔ si nɔa anyi ɖaa wu me.

 

C. Ele bɔbɔe be woawɔe ahaɖe wo ɖa

Alesi atiwo ƒe kpekpeme le bɔbɔe na be woate ŋu awɔ dɔ, aƒo wo nu ƒu, ahaɖe wo ɖa, si ate ŋu aɖe dɔwɔlawo ƒe ɣeyiɣi kple gazazã dzi akpɔtɔ.

 

D. Aɖaŋu si hiã na dɔwɔlawo si bɔbɔ ɖe anyi

Zi geɖe la, dɔwɔwɔ kple atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo mebiaa aɖaŋu tɔxɛ aɖeke o, si wɔnɛ be wònɔa bɔbɔe be woake ɖe dɔwɔlawo ŋu ahana hehe wo hena wo zazã.

 

E. Akpa siwo gblẽ la ɖɔliɖɔli bɔbɔe

Woate ŋu aɖɔli atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe akpa siwo gblẽ bɔbɔe evɔ mahiã be woaɖɔli woƒe akpata alo akpa blibowo o.

 

IX. Timber Formwork ƒe kuxiwo

 

A. Seɖoƒe li na gbugbɔgazã

Zi geɖe la, atiwo ƒe aŋenuwo ƒe agbenɔƒe nɔa kpuie wu, eye woate ŋu azãe ake abe zi gbɔ zi 4 va ɖo 6 ene hafi wòahiã be woaɖɔlii.

 

B. Tsi ƒe xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe nyawo

Ati ƒuƒu ate ŋu axɔ tsi si le kɔkrit xɔdzo me, si ate ŋu ana kɔkrit ƒe akpa si do tso eme la nagbɔdzɔ. Le go bubu me la, ati siwo me tsi sɔ gbɔ ɖo ate ŋu ana xɔtunua natsi eye wòazu kplu.

 

C. Ŋutete si le eŋu be wòaɖe nu dzi akpɔtɔ eye wòawɔ cupping

Ati ƒe xɔmenuwo si me tsi sɔ gbɔ ɖo (si wu 20%) ate ŋu aɖiɖi eye wòawɔ kplu, si ana ƒunukpeƒewo naʋu eye grout nado.

 

X. Viɖe siwo le Plywood Formwork ŋu

 

A. Enɔa anyi eteƒe didina eye wònɔa agbe didi wu

Plywood-tiwo ƒe xɔtunu nɔa anyi didina eye woate ŋu azãe ake zi geɖe wu atiwo ƒe xɔtunu, si ate ŋu aɖe gazazã dzi akpɔtɔ le dɔ geɖe wɔwɔ me.

 

B. Anyigba ƒe nuwuwu si le gbadzaa wu

Zi geɖe la, plywood ƒe anyigba si sɔ la wɔnɛ be kɔkrit si le gbadzaa wu, si ate ŋu anyo na kɔnkrit xɔtunu siwo woɖe ɖe go.

 

C. Agbɔsɔsɔme ƒe ɖekawɔwɔ nyuie wu

Plywood-ti siwo wowɔ la naa woƒe lolome kple titrime nɔa ɖeka wu, si ate ŋu ana woawɔ kɔkrit-xɔtunu siwo sɔ kple wo nɔewo eye woate ŋu aƒo xɔtunuawo nu ƒu bɔbɔe wu.

 

D. Gbugbɔgazã si de ŋgɔ wu

Zi geɖe la, woate ŋu agazã plywood-mɔ̃wo zi geɖe wu atiwo ƒe xɔtunu, si ate ŋu ana asixɔxɔ nyuitɔ nanɔ eŋu le eƒe agbenɔɣi katã.

 

XI. Nusiwo gblẽ le Plywood Formwork ŋu

 

A. Ŋutete si le ame ŋu be wòatrɔ asi le eŋu

Togbɔ be plywood mete ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe wu atiwo o hã la, ate ŋu atrɔ le nɔnɔme aɖewo me kokoko, vevietɔ ne womedzrae ɖo nyuie alo lé be nɛ o.

 

B. Ga si wozãna le gɔmedzedzea me si lolo wu ne wotsɔe sɔ kple atiwo

Zi geɖe la, ga si wozãna ɖe plywood-mɔ̃wo ŋu le gɔmedzedzea me la lolona wu atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo tɔ, si ate ŋu anye mɔxenu na dɔ suewo alo dɔwɔƒe siwo ƒe gazazãwo mede o.

 

C. Asitɔtrɔ le nɔnɔme siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu ŋu mesɔ gbɔ o

Togbɔ be plywood gakpɔtɔ te ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu hã la, mete ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu boo o wu ati ne ehiã be woawɔ nɔnɔme siwo wowɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu alo awɔ xɔtuɖaŋu tɔxɛwo le teƒea.

 

XII. Nutome Bubuwo Kple Wo Zazã

 

A. Ati kple plywood formwork zazã le yame ƒe nɔnɔme vovovowo me

1. Dɔwɔwɔ le teƒe xɔdzowo: Plywood ate ŋu awɔ dɔ nyuie wu le yame ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si fa miamiamia me le esi wòte ŋu nɔa te ɖe nusiwo trɔna le tsidzadza ta nu.

2. Alesi woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu le vuvɔŋɔli: Atiwo ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ate ŋu aɖe vi le fafa me, si akpe ɖe eŋu be kɔkrit ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si mewɔa tɔtrɔ o nanɔ anyi.

 

B. Sededewo ƒe vovototo le dukɔwo dome

1. Xɔtuɖoɖowo kple dzidzenuwo na xɔtuɖaŋu: Se vovovowo ate ŋu anɔ dukɔ vovovowo si ku ɖe xɔtunuwo kple nuwɔnawo ŋu, si ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe atiwo kple plywood tiatia dzi.

2. Dedienɔnɔ ŋuti se siwo kpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe xɔmenuwo ƒe tiatia dzi: Dedienɔnɔ ŋuti nukpɔsusuwo ate ŋu anyo na nu ɖeka wu evelia le nutoa me ƒe sewo kple teƒea ƒe nɔnɔmewo nu.

 

C. Dekɔnuwo ƒe didiwo kple xɔtumɔnu siwo wozãna le blema

1. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe xɔtuɖaŋu tiatia dzi le nuto vovovowo me: Nutoa me xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe kɔnyinyiwo kple dɔwɔlawo ƒe nyanya ate ŋu akpɔ ŋusẽ ɖe ati alo plywood xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe didi dzi le nuto vovovowo me.

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XIII. Dɔwɔwɔ Tɔxɛwo Kple Nu yeyewo dodo ɖe ŋgɔ

 

A. Zãe le xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu me

1. Kuxiwo kple egbɔkpɔnuwo le atiwo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu ŋu: Togbɔ be woate ŋu azã atiwo ƒe xɔtuɖaŋu le xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu me hã la, ate ŋu abia be woado ŋusẽe bubuwo ahawɔ ɖoɖo nyuie be woakpɔ egbɔ be wole dedie eye wowɔa dɔ nyuie.

2. Viɖe siwo le plywood ŋu le xɔ kɔkɔwo me: Plywood ƒe ŋusẽ kple eƒe wɔwɔme ate ŋu ana wòanye tiatia si wodi wu le xɔ kɔkɔwo tutu me, vevietɔ ne wole xɔtuɖaŋu siwo ŋu wotrɔ asi le zãm.

 

B. Formwork na xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe nɔnɔmetata sesẽwo

1. Ati kple plywood ƒe anyigba siwo woƒo xlãe wɔwɔ: Woate ŋu azã nu eveawo siaa atsɔ awɔ anyigba siwo woƒo xlãe, eye zi geɖe la, wolɔ̃a plywood le eƒe ŋutete be wòabɔbɔ nyuie wu ta.

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C. Nu yeye siwo wowɔ le mɔ̃ɖaŋununya si nye formwork me

1. Ati kple plywood ƒe ɖoɖo siwo wotsɔ tsaka: Nu yeye aɖewo ƒoa nu eveawo ƒe ŋusẽ nu ƒu, wozãa ati tsɔ trɔa asi le nu ŋu eye wozãa plywood tsɔ nɔa anyi didina.

2. Ðekawɔwɔ kple nu bubuwo (le kpɔɖeŋu me, gakpo, aluminum): Wole ati kple plywood siaa zãm geɖe wu tsɔ kpe ɖe ga ƒe akpa aɖewo ŋu be woawɔ xɔtuɖoɖo siwo wɔa dɔ nyuie wu eye woate ŋu azã wo le mɔ vovovowo nu.

 

D. Automation kple prefabrication le formwork me

1. Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi ɖe atiwo ƒe xɔtunuwo zazã dzi: Atiwo wɔwɔ le wo ɖokui si ate ŋu aɖe atiwo ƒe xɔtunu xoxowo zazã dzi akpɔtɔ le dɔ aɖewo wɔwɔ me, gake atiwo gakpɔtɔ xɔ asi le alesi wòte ŋu trɔna ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu le dɔwɔwɔ ɖe ɖoɖo nu me ta.

2. Ŋgɔyiyi siwo wowɔ le plywood-mɔ̃wo me: Plywood-mɔ̃ siwo wowɔ do ŋgɔ va le bɔbɔm, si na be wowɔa dɔ nyuie wu eye wowɔa nu ɖekae le dɔ gãwo wɔwɔ me.

 

XIV. Nu Nyui Siwo Nàwɔ le Formwork Tiatia Ŋu

 

A. Nusiwo ŋu wòle be woabu ne èle ati kple plywood tiam

Ne èle xɔmenuwo tiam la, bu dɔa ƒe lolome, alesi wòasesẽe, gazazã, alesi woate ŋu azãe ake, alesi woate ŋu awɔe le nutoa me, kple kɔkrit si nèdi be yeawu enu ŋu.

 

B. Mɔnu siwo wotsɔ ƒo ƒui siwo zãa nu eveawo siaa

Le go aɖewo me la, ati kple plywood ƒe xɔmenuwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo ate ŋu ana egbɔkpɔnu nyuitɔ kekeake, eye woawɔ nu ɖesiaɖe ƒe ŋusẽ ŋudɔ le afisi wòsɔ wu.

 

C. Dɔa koŋ ƒe numekuku ƒe vevienyenye

Nudidi tɔxɛwo le xɔtudɔ ɖesiaɖe si, eye ele be woanɔ te ɖe nusiwo ku ɖe dɔa koŋ ŋu me dzodzro nyuie dzi awɔ tiatia le atiwo kple plywood-tiwo dome.

 

XV. Nyanuwuwuw

 

A. Nya veviwo ƒe kpukpui

Ŋusẽ kple gbɔdzɔgbɔdzɔwo le atiwo kple plywood-mɔ̃wo siaa ŋu. Atiwo naa woate ŋu atrɔ ɖe nɔnɔmewo ŋu eye ga si wozãna le gɔmedzedzea me dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna, gake plywood ya nana wònɔa anyi didina eye woate ŋu azãe ake nyuie wu.

 

B. Dzodzro mamlɛtɔ: Ðe atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo nyo wu plywood ƒe nɔnɔmetatawoa?

Ŋuɖoɖoa nɔ te ɖe dɔa ƒe nudidi tɔxɛwo dzi. Atiwo ƒe xɔmenuwo ate ŋu anyo wu na dɔ suewo alo esiwo hiã be woatrɔ asi le wo ŋu nyuie, gake zi geɖe la, plywood ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo ya nyo wu na dɔ gãwo alo esiwo hiã be woawu enu nyuie eye woagazãe zi geɖe.

 

C. Kafukafunyawo na xɔtudɔwɔlawo

Ele be xɔtudɔwɔlawo nalé ŋku ɖe dɔa ƒe hiahiãwo, nutoa me ƒe nɔnɔmewo, kple gazazã siwo anɔ anyi ɣeyiɣi didi ŋu nyuie ne wole ati kple plywood ƒe xɔtunuwo tiam. Zi geɖe la, mɔnu si wotsɔ tsaka alo mɔ̃ yeyewo zazã ate ŋu ana egbɔkpɔnu nyuitɔ kekeake.